The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River
Ice problems developed in the Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, portion of the St. Marys River because of winter navigation Passing ships and natural influences moved ice from Soo Harbor into Little Rapids Cut in sufficient quantities to jam, cause high water in the harbor, and prevent further ship passag...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
1984
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA139908 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA139908 |
id |
ftdtic:ADA139908 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdtic:ADA139908 2023-05-15T16:37:16+02:00 The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River Perham,R COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH 1984-01 text/html http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA139908 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA139908 en eng http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA139908 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE DTIC AND NTIS Snow Ice and Permafrost Civil Engineering *Ice *Booms(Equipment) Michigan Rivers Channels(Waterways) Protection Water traffic Winter *Ice booms River ice Text 1984 ftdtic 2016-02-19T09:25:09Z Ice problems developed in the Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, portion of the St. Marys River because of winter navigation Passing ships and natural influences moved ice from Soo Harbor into Little Rapids Cut in sufficient quantities to jam, cause high water in the harbor, and prevent further ship passage. After physical model and engineering studies, two ice booms with a total span of 1375 ft (419 m) with a 250-ft (76-m) navigation opening between were installed at the head of Little Rapids Cut in 1975. A modest field study program on the booms was conducted for the ensuring four winters to determine ice and boom interaction and the effects of ship passages on the system. Forces on some anchors were recorded and supplemental data were taken by local personnel. Several reports have been written about the booms' early operations. This paper presents four-year summary of the main effects of the booms on ice and ship interaction and vice versa. Throughout the four winter seasons, the small quantities of ice lost over and between the booms were manageable. Ships usually passed through the boom without influencing the boom force levels, but at time they brought about large changes. One boom needed strengthening, and artificial islands were added for upstream ice stability. Coast Guard icebreakers were also a necessary part of winter navigation in this area. Text Ice permafrost Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database Little Rapids ENVELOPE(-111.185,-111.185,58.917,58.917) St. Marys River ENVELOPE(-55.839,-55.839,52.312,52.312) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
op_collection_id |
ftdtic |
language |
English |
topic |
Snow Ice and Permafrost Civil Engineering *Ice *Booms(Equipment) Michigan Rivers Channels(Waterways) Protection Water traffic Winter *Ice booms River ice |
spellingShingle |
Snow Ice and Permafrost Civil Engineering *Ice *Booms(Equipment) Michigan Rivers Channels(Waterways) Protection Water traffic Winter *Ice booms River ice Perham,R The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
topic_facet |
Snow Ice and Permafrost Civil Engineering *Ice *Booms(Equipment) Michigan Rivers Channels(Waterways) Protection Water traffic Winter *Ice booms River ice |
description |
Ice problems developed in the Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, portion of the St. Marys River because of winter navigation Passing ships and natural influences moved ice from Soo Harbor into Little Rapids Cut in sufficient quantities to jam, cause high water in the harbor, and prevent further ship passage. After physical model and engineering studies, two ice booms with a total span of 1375 ft (419 m) with a 250-ft (76-m) navigation opening between were installed at the head of Little Rapids Cut in 1975. A modest field study program on the booms was conducted for the ensuring four winters to determine ice and boom interaction and the effects of ship passages on the system. Forces on some anchors were recorded and supplemental data were taken by local personnel. Several reports have been written about the booms' early operations. This paper presents four-year summary of the main effects of the booms on ice and ship interaction and vice versa. Throughout the four winter seasons, the small quantities of ice lost over and between the booms were manageable. Ships usually passed through the boom without influencing the boom force levels, but at time they brought about large changes. One boom needed strengthening, and artificial islands were added for upstream ice stability. Coast Guard icebreakers were also a necessary part of winter navigation in this area. |
author2 |
COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH |
format |
Text |
author |
Perham,R |
author_facet |
Perham,R |
author_sort |
Perham,R |
title |
The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
title_short |
The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
title_full |
The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
title_fullStr |
The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effectiveness and Influences of the Navigation Ice Booms on the St. Marys River |
title_sort |
effectiveness and influences of the navigation ice booms on the st. marys river |
publishDate |
1984 |
url |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA139908 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA139908 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-111.185,-111.185,58.917,58.917) ENVELOPE(-55.839,-55.839,52.312,52.312) |
geographic |
Little Rapids St. Marys River |
geographic_facet |
Little Rapids St. Marys River |
genre |
Ice permafrost |
genre_facet |
Ice permafrost |
op_source |
DTIC AND NTIS |
op_relation |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA139908 |
op_rights |
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE |
_version_ |
1766027563077992448 |