Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates
Normative research grossly misconceives the extent of differences among soldiers in all aspects of functioning and leads to what may be called the fallacy of the average soldier. Research examples clearly illustrate the fallacy and its potential for exposing certain individuals to unwarranted life-...
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ftdtic:ADA052565 2023-05-15T15:05:43+02:00 Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates Fine, Bernard J. Kobrick, John L. ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA 1978-03-13 text/html http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA052565 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA052565 en eng http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA052565 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE DTIC AND NTIS Psychology Stress Physiology Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System *STRESS(PSYCHOLOGY) *STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY) MILITARY OPERATIONS MILITARY PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE(HUMAN) COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS PERSONNEL SELECTION *INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES PE61102A ASS08 Text 1978 ftdtic 2016-02-21T07:05:31Z Normative research grossly misconceives the extent of differences among soldiers in all aspects of functioning and leads to what may be called the fallacy of the average soldier. Research examples clearly illustrate the fallacy and its potential for exposing certain individuals to unwarranted life- threatening risks. An alternative to normative research assumes and studies the systematic differences between people. Selecting special troops for arctic duty is discussed as one application of this type of approach. A comparison of the orientation of American and Soviet research on human behavior in extreme cold suggests that cultural and other background factors can account for the Soviet emphasis on individual differences as contrasted with the American normative orientation. A change in research emphasis in this country from normative to individual is stresses as essential for military effectiveness in extreme environments. Text Arctic Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database Arctic |
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Open Polar |
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Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
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ftdtic |
language |
English |
topic |
Psychology Stress Physiology Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System *STRESS(PSYCHOLOGY) *STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY) MILITARY OPERATIONS MILITARY PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE(HUMAN) COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS PERSONNEL SELECTION *INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES PE61102A ASS08 |
spellingShingle |
Psychology Stress Physiology Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System *STRESS(PSYCHOLOGY) *STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY) MILITARY OPERATIONS MILITARY PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE(HUMAN) COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS PERSONNEL SELECTION *INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES PE61102A ASS08 Fine, Bernard J. Kobrick, John L. Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
topic_facet |
Psychology Stress Physiology Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System *STRESS(PSYCHOLOGY) *STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY) MILITARY OPERATIONS MILITARY PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE(HUMAN) COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS PERSONNEL SELECTION *INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES PE61102A ASS08 |
description |
Normative research grossly misconceives the extent of differences among soldiers in all aspects of functioning and leads to what may be called the fallacy of the average soldier. Research examples clearly illustrate the fallacy and its potential for exposing certain individuals to unwarranted life- threatening risks. An alternative to normative research assumes and studies the systematic differences between people. Selecting special troops for arctic duty is discussed as one application of this type of approach. A comparison of the orientation of American and Soviet research on human behavior in extreme cold suggests that cultural and other background factors can account for the Soviet emphasis on individual differences as contrasted with the American normative orientation. A change in research emphasis in this country from normative to individual is stresses as essential for military effectiveness in extreme environments. |
author2 |
ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA |
format |
Text |
author |
Fine, Bernard J. Kobrick, John L. |
author_facet |
Fine, Bernard J. Kobrick, John L. |
author_sort |
Fine, Bernard J. |
title |
Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
title_short |
Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
title_full |
Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
title_fullStr |
Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human Performance under Climatic Stress and the Fallacy of the 'Average' Soldier: Potentially Serious Implications for Military Operations in Extreme Climates |
title_sort |
human performance under climatic stress and the fallacy of the 'average' soldier: potentially serious implications for military operations in extreme climates |
publishDate |
1978 |
url |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA052565 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA052565 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
DTIC AND NTIS |
op_relation |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA052565 |
op_rights |
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE |
_version_ |
1766337361576198144 |