Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea.
In this study, four ships, representative of ammunition cargo ships entering and leaving U.S. ports with ammunition cargo capacities ranging from about 6,300 to 19,200 tons, were examined. Ship motions and accelerations were developed in the frequency domain for a wide range of ship load conditions,...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
1976
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA028745 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA028745 |
id |
ftdtic:ADA028745 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdtic:ADA028745 2023-05-15T17:31:08+02:00 Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. Baitis,A. Erich Bales ,S. L. McCreight,W. R. Meyers,W. G. DAVID W TAYLOR NAVAL SHIP RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER BETHESDA MD SHIP PERFORMANCE DEPT 1976-07 text/html http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA028745 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA028745 en eng http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA028745 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE DTIC AND NTIS Marine Engineering Mechanics *Cargo ships *Load distribution Reinforcement(Structures) Cargo Shifting Ammunition containers Stacking Ship motion Acceleration Loads(Forces) Range(Extremes) Hazards Mathematical prediction Ship decks Pallets Mathematical models Time domain Dynamic response Ocean waves Directional Sea states Storms North Atlantic Ocean Sliding *Shoring loads Text 1976 ftdtic 2016-02-19T07:41:32Z In this study, four ships, representative of ammunition cargo ships entering and leaving U.S. ports with ammunition cargo capacities ranging from about 6,300 to 19,200 tons, were examined. Ship motions and accelerations were developed in the frequency domain for a wide range of ship load conditions, headings, speeds, and sea conditions. The influences of storm severity and ship operator strategies in storms on the magnitude of the resulting ship responses and cargo shoring loads were examined using a math model of the ship traversing the North Atlantic Ocean. A cargo shoring model was developed to establish both lateral and normal forces that shoring must withstand to prevent shifting of ammunition cargo. The model consists of a time simulation developed in the coordinate system of the ship. Results suggest that cargo shoring loads based on frequency domain ship response predictions will be much greater than results based on the more accurate time domain simulations. It was concluded that, in order to prevent predictions of unrealistically large design shoring loads, shoring loads should be developed directly in the time domain. It is crucial to explore the cargo shoring model application further, e.g., to other ships, in any efforts to develop a simple shoring load rule which may be used by regulatory agencies. Text North Atlantic Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
op_collection_id |
ftdtic |
language |
English |
topic |
Marine Engineering Mechanics *Cargo ships *Load distribution Reinforcement(Structures) Cargo Shifting Ammunition containers Stacking Ship motion Acceleration Loads(Forces) Range(Extremes) Hazards Mathematical prediction Ship decks Pallets Mathematical models Time domain Dynamic response Ocean waves Directional Sea states Storms North Atlantic Ocean Sliding *Shoring loads |
spellingShingle |
Marine Engineering Mechanics *Cargo ships *Load distribution Reinforcement(Structures) Cargo Shifting Ammunition containers Stacking Ship motion Acceleration Loads(Forces) Range(Extremes) Hazards Mathematical prediction Ship decks Pallets Mathematical models Time domain Dynamic response Ocean waves Directional Sea states Storms North Atlantic Ocean Sliding *Shoring loads Baitis,A. Erich Bales ,S. L. McCreight,W. R. Meyers,W. G. Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
topic_facet |
Marine Engineering Mechanics *Cargo ships *Load distribution Reinforcement(Structures) Cargo Shifting Ammunition containers Stacking Ship motion Acceleration Loads(Forces) Range(Extremes) Hazards Mathematical prediction Ship decks Pallets Mathematical models Time domain Dynamic response Ocean waves Directional Sea states Storms North Atlantic Ocean Sliding *Shoring loads |
description |
In this study, four ships, representative of ammunition cargo ships entering and leaving U.S. ports with ammunition cargo capacities ranging from about 6,300 to 19,200 tons, were examined. Ship motions and accelerations were developed in the frequency domain for a wide range of ship load conditions, headings, speeds, and sea conditions. The influences of storm severity and ship operator strategies in storms on the magnitude of the resulting ship responses and cargo shoring loads were examined using a math model of the ship traversing the North Atlantic Ocean. A cargo shoring model was developed to establish both lateral and normal forces that shoring must withstand to prevent shifting of ammunition cargo. The model consists of a time simulation developed in the coordinate system of the ship. Results suggest that cargo shoring loads based on frequency domain ship response predictions will be much greater than results based on the more accurate time domain simulations. It was concluded that, in order to prevent predictions of unrealistically large design shoring loads, shoring loads should be developed directly in the time domain. It is crucial to explore the cargo shoring model application further, e.g., to other ships, in any efforts to develop a simple shoring load rule which may be used by regulatory agencies. |
author2 |
DAVID W TAYLOR NAVAL SHIP RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER BETHESDA MD SHIP PERFORMANCE DEPT |
format |
Text |
author |
Baitis,A. Erich Bales ,S. L. McCreight,W. R. Meyers,W. G. |
author_facet |
Baitis,A. Erich Bales ,S. L. McCreight,W. R. Meyers,W. G. |
author_sort |
Baitis,A. Erich |
title |
Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
title_short |
Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
title_full |
Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
title_fullStr |
Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prediction of Extreme Ammunition Cargo Forces at Sea. |
title_sort |
prediction of extreme ammunition cargo forces at sea. |
publishDate |
1976 |
url |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA028745 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA028745 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
DTIC AND NTIS |
op_relation |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA028745 |
op_rights |
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE |
_version_ |
1766128466827149312 |