Short-Term Forecasts of Ice Formation and Breakup in Rivers (Kratkosrochnye Prognozy Zamerzaniya i Vskrytiya Rek)

• Main Author: Popov,E. G.
• Other Authors: NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE WASHINGTON D C
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 1963
• Subjects: Snow; Ice and Permafrost; (*MELTING; PREDICTIONS); (*ICE; MELTING); (*RIVERS; ICE); GROWTH(PHYSIOLOGY); THICKNESS; FAILURE(MECHANICS); ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; PROBABILITY; FREEZING; NUMERICAL ANALYSIS; USSR; *ICE BREAKUP; TRANSLATIONS; Ice; permafrost
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0720181; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0720181

Because the formation and breakup of ice in rivers, as well as the duration and thickness of ice, depend mainly on climatic and weather conditions in a given area, the short-term forecasting of the phenomena is based on data gathered by weather observation stations. The main factors determining the thermal exchange of water in rivers, its general and specific trends and the prospects of their calculation are analyzed. Formulas characterizing the relationship between the water and air temperature, the significance of latent heat at freezing and melting, the quantity of heat in water, the velocity and direction of flow and other aspects affecting the formation, duration and breakup of ice are derived. (Author) Trans. of mono. Gidrologicheskie Prognozy (Hydrological Forecasts), Leningrad, 1957 p391-426, by M. Slessers. Also available as TT-63-19725.