UNDERWATER SEA ICE

• Main Author: Morecki,V. N.
• Other Authors: DIRECTORATE OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION SERVICES OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 1968
• Subjects: Snow; Ice and Permafrost; (*SEA ICE; USSR); UNDERWATER; DISTRIBUTION; OCEAN BOTTOM; SALINITY; THERMAL STABILITY; SURFACE PROPERTIES; COOLING; OCEAN CURRENTS; THICKNESS; SUBMARINES; TABLES(DATA); ARCTIC OCEAN; ANTARCTIC REGIONS; TRANSLATIONS; Antarctic; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Antarc*; Ice; Iceberg*; permafrost; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0668841; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0668841

By the term 'underwater ice' we understand both ice forming within the water mass and ice carried down, in crystal form, from the water surface. Bottom ice is a variety of underwater ice. The formation of underwater ice is brought about by the overcooling of the water through contact with a colder surface (iceberg or ice barrier), and also by mixing of overcooled surface water with the deeper water. Underwater ice is formed in almost all bodies of water where the climatic conditions are such as to make possible the formation of ice. In its natural state this ice for the most part occurs in the form of ice crystals, frazil ice, floating anchor ice (slush), and bottom ice. Bottom ice can develop only if the cooling due to the intermixture of water masses extends to the bottom. (Author) Trans. of Problemy Arktiki i Antarktiki (USSR) n19 p32-8 1965, tr. by E. R. Hope.