PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE
Impact tests were made on floating ice slabs with particular attention devoted to the mechanism of penetration. The range of values investigated for the basic parameters was: impact velocity, 8 ft/sec - 21 ft/ sec; projectile mass, 4.56 lb - 5.22 lb and penetrator diameter, 5/16 in. - 1-1/ 4 in. The...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
1965
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0630122 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0630122 |
id |
ftdtic:AD0630122 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdtic:AD0630122 2023-05-15T14:59:51+02:00 PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE Ross, Bernard STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CA NAVAL WARFARE RESEARCH CENTER 1965-11 text/html http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0630122 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0630122 en eng http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0630122 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. DTIC AND NTIS Physical and Dynamic Oceanography Snow Ice and Permafrost Undersea and Antisubmarine Warfare *ICE PROJECTILES IMPACT TESTS TOUGHNESS ICE ISLANDS ARCTIC REGIONS OCEANOGRAPHY FREE FALL MODELS WARFARE PENETRATION Text 1965 ftdtic 2016-02-22T17:49:21Z Impact tests were made on floating ice slabs with particular attention devoted to the mechanism of penetration. The range of values investigated for the basic parameters was: impact velocity, 8 ft/sec - 21 ft/ sec; projectile mass, 4.56 lb - 5.22 lb and penetrator diameter, 5/16 in. - 1-1/ 4 in. The perforation of ice slabs made from seawater, and at approximately +17 deg F (warm sea ice) is accompanied by the ejection of a shear plug from the test slab, whereas fresh water ice slabs under similar loading conditions fracture into segments along well defined radial cleavage planes. The experiments indicate that a blunt end penetrator profile is significantly more effective in the perforation of warm sea ice than a corresponding penetrator with conical profile. In addition, the order of magnitude of the impact velocity and temperature of the ice slab are important factors that can govern the mechanism of penetration. A simple mathematical model for shear plug ejection, based upon the laws of conservation of linear momentum and mechanical energy, provides correlation between a potential energy quantity containing projectile mass and release height, and a geometric quantity containing penetrator diameter and sea ice thickness. Using these quantities, curves are presented which indicate a threshold-of-perforation boundary for the warm sea ice. Finally, recommendations are made for guiding future investigations in this problem area. Text Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Subarctic Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
op_collection_id |
ftdtic |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical and Dynamic Oceanography Snow Ice and Permafrost Undersea and Antisubmarine Warfare *ICE PROJECTILES IMPACT TESTS TOUGHNESS ICE ISLANDS ARCTIC REGIONS OCEANOGRAPHY FREE FALL MODELS WARFARE PENETRATION |
spellingShingle |
Physical and Dynamic Oceanography Snow Ice and Permafrost Undersea and Antisubmarine Warfare *ICE PROJECTILES IMPACT TESTS TOUGHNESS ICE ISLANDS ARCTIC REGIONS OCEANOGRAPHY FREE FALL MODELS WARFARE PENETRATION Ross, Bernard PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
topic_facet |
Physical and Dynamic Oceanography Snow Ice and Permafrost Undersea and Antisubmarine Warfare *ICE PROJECTILES IMPACT TESTS TOUGHNESS ICE ISLANDS ARCTIC REGIONS OCEANOGRAPHY FREE FALL MODELS WARFARE PENETRATION |
description |
Impact tests were made on floating ice slabs with particular attention devoted to the mechanism of penetration. The range of values investigated for the basic parameters was: impact velocity, 8 ft/sec - 21 ft/ sec; projectile mass, 4.56 lb - 5.22 lb and penetrator diameter, 5/16 in. - 1-1/ 4 in. The perforation of ice slabs made from seawater, and at approximately +17 deg F (warm sea ice) is accompanied by the ejection of a shear plug from the test slab, whereas fresh water ice slabs under similar loading conditions fracture into segments along well defined radial cleavage planes. The experiments indicate that a blunt end penetrator profile is significantly more effective in the perforation of warm sea ice than a corresponding penetrator with conical profile. In addition, the order of magnitude of the impact velocity and temperature of the ice slab are important factors that can govern the mechanism of penetration. A simple mathematical model for shear plug ejection, based upon the laws of conservation of linear momentum and mechanical energy, provides correlation between a potential energy quantity containing projectile mass and release height, and a geometric quantity containing penetrator diameter and sea ice thickness. Using these quantities, curves are presented which indicate a threshold-of-perforation boundary for the warm sea ice. Finally, recommendations are made for guiding future investigations in this problem area. |
author2 |
STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CA NAVAL WARFARE RESEARCH CENTER |
format |
Text |
author |
Ross, Bernard |
author_facet |
Ross, Bernard |
author_sort |
Ross, Bernard |
title |
PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
title_short |
PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
title_full |
PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
title_fullStr |
PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
title_full_unstemmed |
PENETRATION STUDIES OF ICE WITH APPLICATION TO ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WARFARE |
title_sort |
penetration studies of ice with application to arctic and subarctic warfare |
publishDate |
1965 |
url |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0630122 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0630122 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Subarctic |
op_source |
DTIC AND NTIS |
op_relation |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0630122 |
op_rights |
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. |
_version_ |
1766331972301357056 |