Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security
Indigenous people are considered to be among the most vulnerable to food insecurity and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity is cited as a key component of indigenous food security; however, quantitative examples of this linkage are limited. We examined how species and population diversity influence the...
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ftdryad:oai:v1.datadryad.org:10255/dryad.116914 2023-05-15T16:17:14+02:00 Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security Nesbitt, Holly K. Moore, Jonathan W. Fraser River British Columbia Canada Pacific northwest 1983 to 2012 2016-07-16T15:07:46Z http://hdl.handle.net/10255/dryad.116914 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf unknown doi:10.5061/dryad.ng8pf/1 doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12717 doi:10.5061/dryad.ng8pf Nesbitt HK, Moore JW (2016) Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security. Journal of Applied Ecology 53(5): 1489-1499. 0021-8901 http://hdl.handle.net/10255/dryad.116914 diversity-stability First Nations small-scale fisheries aboriginal biodiversity portfolio effect subsistence rights and title traditional watershed management Pacific salmon indigenous food security Article 2016 ftdryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf/1 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12717 2020-01-01T15:35:25Z Indigenous people are considered to be among the most vulnerable to food insecurity and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity is cited as a key component of indigenous food security; however, quantitative examples of this linkage are limited. We examined how species and population diversity influence the food security of indigenous fisheries for Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus species). We compared two dimensions of food security – catch stability (interannual variability) and access (season length) – across a salmon diversity gradient for 21 fisheries on the Fraser River, Canada, over 30 years, using linear regression models. We used population diversity proxies derived from a range of existing measures because population-specific data were unavailable. While both population and species diversity were generally associated with higher catch stability and temporal access, population diversity had a stronger signal. Fisheries with access to high species diversity had up to 1·4 times more stable catch than predicted by the portfolio effect and up to 1·2 times longer fishing seasons than fisheries with access to fewer species. Fisheries with access to high population diversity had up to 3·8 times more stable catch and three times longer seasons than fisheries with access to fewer populations. Catch stability of Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye Oncorhynchus nerka fisheries was best explained by the number of populations and conservation units, respectively, that migrate past a fishery en route to spawning grounds. Similar population diversity metrics were important explanatory variables for season length of sockeye, pink Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, coho Oncorhynchus kisutch and chum Oncorhynchus keta fisheries. Synthesis and applications. We show an empirical example of how multiple scales of biodiversity support food security across a large watershed and suggest that protecting fine-scale salmon diversity will help promote food security for indigenous people. The scales of environmental assessments need to match the scales of the socio-ecological processes that will be affected by development. We illustrate that upstream projects that damage salmon habitat could degrade the food security of downstream indigenous fisheries, with implications to Canadian indigenous people and to watersheds around the world where migratory fishes support local fisheries. Article in Journal/Newspaper First Nations Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Dryad Digital Repository (Duke University) Canada Pacific British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Sockeye ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) Keta ENVELOPE(-19.455,-19.455,65.656,65.656) Fraser River ENVELOPE(-62.243,-62.243,56.619,56.619) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Dryad Digital Repository (Duke University) |
op_collection_id |
ftdryad |
language |
unknown |
topic |
diversity-stability First Nations small-scale fisheries aboriginal biodiversity portfolio effect subsistence rights and title traditional watershed management Pacific salmon indigenous food security |
spellingShingle |
diversity-stability First Nations small-scale fisheries aboriginal biodiversity portfolio effect subsistence rights and title traditional watershed management Pacific salmon indigenous food security Nesbitt, Holly K. Moore, Jonathan W. Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
topic_facet |
diversity-stability First Nations small-scale fisheries aboriginal biodiversity portfolio effect subsistence rights and title traditional watershed management Pacific salmon indigenous food security |
description |
Indigenous people are considered to be among the most vulnerable to food insecurity and biodiversity loss. Biodiversity is cited as a key component of indigenous food security; however, quantitative examples of this linkage are limited. We examined how species and population diversity influence the food security of indigenous fisheries for Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus species). We compared two dimensions of food security – catch stability (interannual variability) and access (season length) – across a salmon diversity gradient for 21 fisheries on the Fraser River, Canada, over 30 years, using linear regression models. We used population diversity proxies derived from a range of existing measures because population-specific data were unavailable. While both population and species diversity were generally associated with higher catch stability and temporal access, population diversity had a stronger signal. Fisheries with access to high species diversity had up to 1·4 times more stable catch than predicted by the portfolio effect and up to 1·2 times longer fishing seasons than fisheries with access to fewer species. Fisheries with access to high population diversity had up to 3·8 times more stable catch and three times longer seasons than fisheries with access to fewer populations. Catch stability of Chinook Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and sockeye Oncorhynchus nerka fisheries was best explained by the number of populations and conservation units, respectively, that migrate past a fishery en route to spawning grounds. Similar population diversity metrics were important explanatory variables for season length of sockeye, pink Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, coho Oncorhynchus kisutch and chum Oncorhynchus keta fisheries. Synthesis and applications. We show an empirical example of how multiple scales of biodiversity support food security across a large watershed and suggest that protecting fine-scale salmon diversity will help promote food security for indigenous people. The scales of environmental assessments need to match the scales of the socio-ecological processes that will be affected by development. We illustrate that upstream projects that damage salmon habitat could degrade the food security of downstream indigenous fisheries, with implications to Canadian indigenous people and to watersheds around the world where migratory fishes support local fisheries. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nesbitt, Holly K. Moore, Jonathan W. |
author_facet |
Nesbitt, Holly K. Moore, Jonathan W. |
author_sort |
Nesbitt, Holly K. |
title |
Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
title_short |
Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
title_full |
Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
title_fullStr |
Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data from: Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
title_sort |
data from: species and population diversity in pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10255/dryad.116914 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf |
op_coverage |
Fraser River British Columbia Canada Pacific northwest 1983 to 2012 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) ENVELOPE(-130.143,-130.143,54.160,54.160) ENVELOPE(-19.455,-19.455,65.656,65.656) ENVELOPE(-62.243,-62.243,56.619,56.619) |
geographic |
Canada Pacific British Columbia Sockeye Keta Fraser River |
geographic_facet |
Canada Pacific British Columbia Sockeye Keta Fraser River |
genre |
First Nations Oncorhynchus gorbuscha |
genre_facet |
First Nations Oncorhynchus gorbuscha |
op_relation |
doi:10.5061/dryad.ng8pf/1 doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12717 doi:10.5061/dryad.ng8pf Nesbitt HK, Moore JW (2016) Species and population diversity in Pacific salmon fisheries underpin indigenous food security. Journal of Applied Ecology 53(5): 1489-1499. 0021-8901 http://hdl.handle.net/10255/dryad.116914 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ng8pf/1 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12717 |
_version_ |
1766003082169155584 |