Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An 11-Year Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

• Main Authors: Momenah AM, Bakri RA, Jalal NA, Ashgar SS, Felemban RF, Bantun F, Hariri SH, Barhameen AA, Faidah H, AL-Said HM
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2023
• Subjects: pseudomonas aeruginosa; antimicrobial drug; drug resistance; cefepime; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Hani; sami
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/fed1b94712154684aaf997b40fd857f1

Aiman M Momenah,1 Rafat Ahmed Bakri,2 Naif A Jalal,1 Sami S Ashgar,1 Rakan Fahad Felemban,3 Farkad Bantun,1 Sumyya H Hariri,1 Abeer A Barhameen,1 Hani Faidah,1 Hamdi M AL-Said1 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 2University Medical Center, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Aiman M Momenah, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Tel [phone], Email [e-mail]: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a common causative pathogen in healthcare settings and displays increasing levels of resistance to common antimicrobial drugs. Its capacity to resist has been reported in multiple locations across the world. This study evaluates current levels of antibiotic resistance and seeks to understand antibiotic resistance patterns in the context of the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.Methods: All clinical isolates were cultured at 37 °C for 24 h in different media: blood sheep agar, McConkey agar, and cystine–lactose–electrolyte‐deficient agar (CLED), bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility patterns were determined using the Vitek‐2 (bioMérieux) automated system.Results: In total, there were 61,029 patient specimens, of which 5534 were identified as non-duplicated P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, most being from males aged over 60 years. The research findings revealed that the maximum antibiotic resistance associated with P. aeruginosa isolates was found in colistin (97%), which was followed by piperacillin/tazobactam (75.8%). The maximum resistance rates in P. aeruginosa isolates were found in relation to cefepime (42.7%,) which was followed by ciprofloxacin (34.3%).Conclusion: The antibiotic resistance rate during the first six years of the research period was notably higher than in the last years, due to the application of infection control protocols ...