روسيا القيصرية في عهد ايفان الرابع 1533 -1584م Tsarist Russia during the reign of Tsar Ivan IV 1533-1584 AD

• Main Author: نادية جاسم كاظم علي الشمري Nadia Jasem Kadhim Ali Al-Shammari
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Arabic; English
• Published: University of Babylon 2021
• Subjects: ايفان الرابع ، السياسة الخارجية، علاقات دبلوماسية ، روسيا القيصرية ، الاصلاحات الداخلية ، العنف; ivan iv; foreign policy; diplomatic relations; tsarist russia; internal reforms; violence; Fine Arts; N; History (General) and history of Europe; D; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Perseverance
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/fde01f13f9f24afa855018fa53d13b43

According to the study, Russia's basic problem is that it is isolated and far from international trade and navigation. It has no coasts except on the Arctic Ocean, an ice sea whose waters are frozen most of the year, and the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea are closed. The sea and find an external...