Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures
A neural-network-based retrieval method to determine the snow ice water path (SIWP), liquid water path (LWP), and integrated water vapor (IWV) from millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures, measured by using airborne radiometers (ISMAR and MARSS), is presented. The neural networks were t...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:fdd9b713ea9c45778bc2c86ffa1dc774 2023-05-15T16:52:15+02:00 Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures M. Brath S. Fox P. Eriksson R. C. Harlow M. Burgdorf S. A. Buehler 2018-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 https://doaj.org/article/fdd9b713ea9c45778bc2c86ffa1dc774 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/11/611/2018/amt-11-611-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1867-1381 https://doaj.org/toc/1867-8548 doi:10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 1867-1381 1867-8548 https://doaj.org/article/fdd9b713ea9c45778bc2c86ffa1dc774 Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol 11, Pp 611-632 (2018) Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 2022-12-31T00:44:58Z A neural-network-based retrieval method to determine the snow ice water path (SIWP), liquid water path (LWP), and integrated water vapor (IWV) from millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures, measured by using airborne radiometers (ISMAR and MARSS), is presented. The neural networks were trained by using atmospheric profiles from the ICON numerical weather prediction (NWP) model and by radiative transfer simulations using the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS). The basic performance of the retrieval method was analyzed in terms of offset (bias) and the median fractional error (MFE), and the benefit of using submillimeter channels was studied in comparison to pure microwave retrievals. The retrieval is offset-free for SIWP > 0.01 kg m −2 , LWP > 0.1 kg m −2 , and IWV > 3 kg m −2 . The MFE of SIWP decreases from 100 % at SIWP = 0.01 kg m −2 to 20 % at SIWP = 1 kg m −2 and the MFE of LWP from 100 % at LWP = 0.05 kg m −2 to 30 % at LWP = 1 kg m −2 . The MFE of IWV for IWV > 3 kg m −2 is 5 to 8 % . The SIWP retrieval strongly benefits from submillimeter channels, which reduce the MFE by a factor of 2, compared to pure microwave retrievals. The IWV and the LWP retrievals also benefit from submillimeter channels, albeit to a lesser degree. The retrieval was applied to ISMAR and MARSS brightness temperatures from FAAM flight B897 on 18 March 2015 of a precipitating frontal system west of the coast of Iceland. Considering the given uncertainties, the retrieval is in reasonable agreement with the SIWP, LWP, and IWV values simulated by the ICON NWP model for that flight. A comparison of the retrieved IWV with IWV from 12 dropsonde measurements shows an offset of 0.5 kg m −2 and an RMS difference of 0.8 kg m −2 , showing that the retrieval of IWV is highly effective even under cloudy conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11 1 611 632 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 M. Brath S. Fox P. Eriksson R. C. Harlow M. Burgdorf S. A. Buehler Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
topic_facet |
Environmental engineering TA170-171 Earthwork. Foundations TA715-787 |
description |
A neural-network-based retrieval method to determine the snow ice water path (SIWP), liquid water path (LWP), and integrated water vapor (IWV) from millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures, measured by using airborne radiometers (ISMAR and MARSS), is presented. The neural networks were trained by using atmospheric profiles from the ICON numerical weather prediction (NWP) model and by radiative transfer simulations using the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS). The basic performance of the retrieval method was analyzed in terms of offset (bias) and the median fractional error (MFE), and the benefit of using submillimeter channels was studied in comparison to pure microwave retrievals. The retrieval is offset-free for SIWP > 0.01 kg m −2 , LWP > 0.1 kg m −2 , and IWV > 3 kg m −2 . The MFE of SIWP decreases from 100 % at SIWP = 0.01 kg m −2 to 20 % at SIWP = 1 kg m −2 and the MFE of LWP from 100 % at LWP = 0.05 kg m −2 to 30 % at LWP = 1 kg m −2 . The MFE of IWV for IWV > 3 kg m −2 is 5 to 8 % . The SIWP retrieval strongly benefits from submillimeter channels, which reduce the MFE by a factor of 2, compared to pure microwave retrievals. The IWV and the LWP retrievals also benefit from submillimeter channels, albeit to a lesser degree. The retrieval was applied to ISMAR and MARSS brightness temperatures from FAAM flight B897 on 18 March 2015 of a precipitating frontal system west of the coast of Iceland. Considering the given uncertainties, the retrieval is in reasonable agreement with the SIWP, LWP, and IWV values simulated by the ICON NWP model for that flight. A comparison of the retrieved IWV with IWV from 12 dropsonde measurements shows an offset of 0.5 kg m −2 and an RMS difference of 0.8 kg m −2 , showing that the retrieval of IWV is highly effective even under cloudy conditions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Brath S. Fox P. Eriksson R. C. Harlow M. Burgdorf S. A. Buehler |
author_facet |
M. Brath S. Fox P. Eriksson R. C. Harlow M. Burgdorf S. A. Buehler |
author_sort |
M. Brath |
title |
Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
title_short |
Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
title_full |
Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
title_fullStr |
Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ISMAR and MARSS millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
title_sort |
retrieval of an ice water path over the ocean from ismar and marss millimeter and submillimeter brightness temperatures |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 https://doaj.org/article/fdd9b713ea9c45778bc2c86ffa1dc774 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol 11, Pp 611-632 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/11/611/2018/amt-11-611-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1867-1381 https://doaj.org/toc/1867-8548 doi:10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 1867-1381 1867-8548 https://doaj.org/article/fdd9b713ea9c45778bc2c86ffa1dc774 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-611-2018 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
611 |
op_container_end_page |
632 |
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1766042400273203200 |