A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo

Background and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in comb...

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Published in:Journal of Tropical Medicine
Main Authors: Sedigheh Sadeghi, Zarrintaj Valadkhani, Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi, Mohammad Arjmand, Hossein Nahravanian, Farideh Vahabi, Neda Soori, Maryam Mohammadi, Masoomeh Meigooni, Zahra Zamani
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2020
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701
https://doaj.org/article/fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514 2023-05-15T15:16:08+02:00 A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo Sedigheh Sadeghi Zarrintaj Valadkhani Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi Mohammad Arjmand Hossein Nahravanian Farideh Vahabi Neda Soori Maryam Mohammadi Masoomeh Meigooni Zahra Zamani 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 https://doaj.org/article/fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514 EN eng Hindawi Limited http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9686 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9694 1687-9686 1687-9694 doi:10.1155/2020/3013701 https://doaj.org/article/fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514 Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 2020 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701 2022-12-31T13:09:47Z Background and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in combination with different antimalarial drugs such as artesunate (a derivative of artemisinin) or chloroquine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in vitro on Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo on Plasmodium berghei using Peter’s suppression test. Methods. Drug assessment was carried out singly or in combination on Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the candle jar method at three inhibitory concentrations. Percent parasitemia of live cells was obtained by microscopic counting. Peter’s suppression test was carried out on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after 3 administration of the drugs singly and in combination, and parasites were counted by microscopy for 10 days. Results. Synergy was exhibited by isobolograms of eosin B combined with artesunate and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine with more than 10 fold reduction of all drugs in vitro. A good combination index was obtained with artesunate at 50% inibitory concentration with 3.4 nM eosin B and 1.7 nM artesunate in contrast to 124 nM eosin B and 7.6 nM artesunate singly. In vivo studies also showed a considerable lowering of the effective dose of eosin B 30 mg/kg: artesunate 3 mg/kg with 200 mg/kg eosin B and 60 mg/kg artesunate separately. Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine seemed to have the greatest synergistic effect with a combination index of 0.007, but this could be due to it consisting of a combination of three drugs. Eosin B’s combination index with chloroquine was fair, and in vivo tests too did not show as much competence as the other two drugs. Conclusion and Interpretation. It can be concluded that eosin B can be used in combination with antimalarial drugs with favorable results. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020 1 10
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
spellingShingle Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Sedigheh Sadeghi
Zarrintaj Valadkhani
Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi
Mohammad Arjmand
Hossein Nahravanian
Farideh Vahabi
Neda Soori
Maryam Mohammadi
Masoomeh Meigooni
Zahra Zamani
A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
topic_facet Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
description Background and Objectives. Artemisinin is the popular antimalarial medication, but it has to be used in combination with other drugs as its monotherapy causes resistance. The effectiveness of eosin B, a laboratory stain, as a competent antimalarial agent was identified earlier. It was tested in combination with different antimalarial drugs such as artesunate (a derivative of artemisinin) or chloroquine or sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in vitro on Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo on Plasmodium berghei using Peter’s suppression test. Methods. Drug assessment was carried out singly or in combination on Plasmodium falciparum in vitro using the candle jar method at three inhibitory concentrations. Percent parasitemia of live cells was obtained by microscopic counting. Peter’s suppression test was carried out on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after 3 administration of the drugs singly and in combination, and parasites were counted by microscopy for 10 days. Results. Synergy was exhibited by isobolograms of eosin B combined with artesunate and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine with more than 10 fold reduction of all drugs in vitro. A good combination index was obtained with artesunate at 50% inibitory concentration with 3.4 nM eosin B and 1.7 nM artesunate in contrast to 124 nM eosin B and 7.6 nM artesunate singly. In vivo studies also showed a considerable lowering of the effective dose of eosin B 30 mg/kg: artesunate 3 mg/kg with 200 mg/kg eosin B and 60 mg/kg artesunate separately. Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine seemed to have the greatest synergistic effect with a combination index of 0.007, but this could be due to it consisting of a combination of three drugs. Eosin B’s combination index with chloroquine was fair, and in vivo tests too did not show as much competence as the other two drugs. Conclusion and Interpretation. It can be concluded that eosin B can be used in combination with antimalarial drugs with favorable results.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Sedigheh Sadeghi
Zarrintaj Valadkhani
Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi
Mohammad Arjmand
Hossein Nahravanian
Farideh Vahabi
Neda Soori
Maryam Mohammadi
Masoomeh Meigooni
Zahra Zamani
author_facet Sedigheh Sadeghi
Zarrintaj Valadkhani
Alireza Sadeghi Tafreshi
Mohammad Arjmand
Hossein Nahravanian
Farideh Vahabi
Neda Soori
Maryam Mohammadi
Masoomeh Meigooni
Zahra Zamani
author_sort Sedigheh Sadeghi
title A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
title_short A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
title_full A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
title_fullStr A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
title_full_unstemmed A Study of Synergy of Combination of Eosin B with Chloroquine, Artemisinin, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine on Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro and Plasmodium berghei In Vivo
title_sort study of synergy of combination of eosin b with chloroquine, artemisinin, and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine on plasmodium falciparum in vitro and plasmodium berghei in vivo
publisher Hindawi Limited
publishDate 2020
url https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701
https://doaj.org/article/fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514
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op_source Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 2020 (2020)
op_relation http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3013701
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doi:10.1155/2020/3013701
https://doaj.org/article/fb488116e39e4e058e4ec7f2ab295514
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