Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean
Extremely low abundance microorganisms (members of the ‘rare biosphere’) are believed to include dormant taxa, which can sporadically become abundant following environmental triggers. Yet, microbial transitions from rare to abundant have seldom been captured in situ, and it is uncertain how widespre...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:fb1b97854aea49b3bdf739c46615bfd0 2023-05-15T14:51:10+02:00 Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean Laura eAlonso-Saez Michael eZeder Tommy eHarding Jakob ePernthaler Connie eLovejoy Stefan eBertilsson Carlos ePedrós-Alió 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 https://doaj.org/article/fb1b97854aea49b3bdf739c46615bfd0 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 https://doaj.org/article/fb1b97854aea49b3bdf739c46615bfd0 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 5 (2014) Betaproteobacteria Biofilm rare biosphere Arctic Ocean bloom Janthinobacterium Microbiology QR1-502 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 2022-12-30T23:31:35Z Extremely low abundance microorganisms (members of the ‘rare biosphere’) are believed to include dormant taxa, which can sporadically become abundant following environmental triggers. Yet, microbial transitions from rare to abundant have seldom been captured in situ, and it is uncertain how widespread these transitions are. A bloom of a single ribotype (≥99% similarity in the 16S ribosomal RNA gene) of a widespread betaproteobacterium (Janthinobacterium sp.) occurred over two weeks in Arctic marine waters. The Janthinobacterium population was not detected microscopically in situ in January and early February, but suddenly appeared in the water column thereafter, eventually accounting for up to 20% of bacterial cells in mid February. During the bloom, this bacterium was detected at open water sites up to 50 km apart, being abundant down to more than 300 meters. This event is one of the largest monospecific bacterial blooms reported in polar oceans. It is also remarkable because Betaproteobacteria are typically found only in low abundance in marine environments. In particular, Janthinobacterium were known from non-marine habitats and had previously been detected only in the rare biosphere of seawater samples, including the polar oceans. The Arctic janthinobacterium formed mucilagenous monolayer aggregates after short (ca. 8 hours) incubations, suggesting that biofilm formation may play a role in maintaining rare bacteria in pelagic marine environments. The spontaneous mass occurrence of this opportunistic rare taxon in polar waters during the energy-limited season extends current knowledge of how and when microbial transitions between rare and abundant occur in the ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Frontiers in Microbiology 5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Betaproteobacteria Biofilm rare biosphere Arctic Ocean bloom Janthinobacterium Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Betaproteobacteria Biofilm rare biosphere Arctic Ocean bloom Janthinobacterium Microbiology QR1-502 Laura eAlonso-Saez Michael eZeder Tommy eHarding Jakob ePernthaler Connie eLovejoy Stefan eBertilsson Carlos ePedrós-Alió Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Betaproteobacteria Biofilm rare biosphere Arctic Ocean bloom Janthinobacterium Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Extremely low abundance microorganisms (members of the ‘rare biosphere’) are believed to include dormant taxa, which can sporadically become abundant following environmental triggers. Yet, microbial transitions from rare to abundant have seldom been captured in situ, and it is uncertain how widespread these transitions are. A bloom of a single ribotype (≥99% similarity in the 16S ribosomal RNA gene) of a widespread betaproteobacterium (Janthinobacterium sp.) occurred over two weeks in Arctic marine waters. The Janthinobacterium population was not detected microscopically in situ in January and early February, but suddenly appeared in the water column thereafter, eventually accounting for up to 20% of bacterial cells in mid February. During the bloom, this bacterium was detected at open water sites up to 50 km apart, being abundant down to more than 300 meters. This event is one of the largest monospecific bacterial blooms reported in polar oceans. It is also remarkable because Betaproteobacteria are typically found only in low abundance in marine environments. In particular, Janthinobacterium were known from non-marine habitats and had previously been detected only in the rare biosphere of seawater samples, including the polar oceans. The Arctic janthinobacterium formed mucilagenous monolayer aggregates after short (ca. 8 hours) incubations, suggesting that biofilm formation may play a role in maintaining rare bacteria in pelagic marine environments. The spontaneous mass occurrence of this opportunistic rare taxon in polar waters during the energy-limited season extends current knowledge of how and when microbial transitions between rare and abundant occur in the ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Laura eAlonso-Saez Michael eZeder Tommy eHarding Jakob ePernthaler Connie eLovejoy Stefan eBertilsson Carlos ePedrós-Alió |
author_facet |
Laura eAlonso-Saez Michael eZeder Tommy eHarding Jakob ePernthaler Connie eLovejoy Stefan eBertilsson Carlos ePedrós-Alió |
author_sort |
Laura eAlonso-Saez |
title |
Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
winter bloom of a rare betaproteobacterium in the arctic ocean |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 https://doaj.org/article/fb1b97854aea49b3bdf739c46615bfd0 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 5 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 https://doaj.org/article/fb1b97854aea49b3bdf739c46615bfd0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00425 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
5 |
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1766322226377785344 |