Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control.
BACKGROUND:The Philippines has a population of approximately 103 million people, of which 6.7 million live in schistosomiasis-endemic areas with 1.8 million people being at risk of infection with Schistosoma japonicum. Although the country-wide prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippin...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f9e98c17a63541c08fed9836ae78b301 2023-05-15T15:12:38+02:00 Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Geoffrey N Gobert Remigio M Olveda Allen G Ross Gail M Williams Darren J Gray Donald Harn Yuesheng Li Donald P McManus 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 https://doaj.org/article/f9e98c17a63541c08fed9836ae78b301 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4301913?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 https://doaj.org/article/f9e98c17a63541c08fed9836ae78b301 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e0003483 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 2022-12-31T12:07:05Z BACKGROUND:The Philippines has a population of approximately 103 million people, of which 6.7 million live in schistosomiasis-endemic areas with 1.8 million people being at risk of infection with Schistosoma japonicum. Although the country-wide prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines is relatively low, the prevalence of schistosomiasis can be high, approaching 65% in some endemic areas. Of the currently available microscopy-based diagnostic techniques for detecting schistosome infections in the Philippines and elsewhere, most exhibit varying diagnostic performances, with the Kato-Katz (KK) method having particularly poor sensitivity for detecting low intensity infections. This suggests that the actual prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica may be much higher than previous reports have indicated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Six barangay (villages) were selected to determine the prevalence of S. japonicum in humans in the municipality of Palapag, Northern Samar. Fecal samples were collected from 560 humans and examined by the KK method and a validated real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. A high S. japonicum prevalence (90.2%) was revealed using qPCR whereas the KK method indicated a lower prevalence (22.9%). The geometric mean eggs per gram (GMEPG) determined by the qPCR was 36.5 and 11.5 by the KK. These results, particularly those obtained by the qPCR, indicate that the prevalence of schistosomiasis in this region of the Philippines is much higher than historically reported. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Despite being more expensive, qPCR can complement the KK procedure, particularly for surveillance and monitoring of areas where extensive schistosomiasis control has led to low prevalence and intensity infections and where schistosomiasis elimination is on the horizon, as for example in southern China. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 1 e0003483 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Geoffrey N Gobert Remigio M Olveda Allen G Ross Gail M Williams Darren J Gray Donald Harn Yuesheng Li Donald P McManus Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:The Philippines has a population of approximately 103 million people, of which 6.7 million live in schistosomiasis-endemic areas with 1.8 million people being at risk of infection with Schistosoma japonicum. Although the country-wide prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines is relatively low, the prevalence of schistosomiasis can be high, approaching 65% in some endemic areas. Of the currently available microscopy-based diagnostic techniques for detecting schistosome infections in the Philippines and elsewhere, most exhibit varying diagnostic performances, with the Kato-Katz (KK) method having particularly poor sensitivity for detecting low intensity infections. This suggests that the actual prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica may be much higher than previous reports have indicated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Six barangay (villages) were selected to determine the prevalence of S. japonicum in humans in the municipality of Palapag, Northern Samar. Fecal samples were collected from 560 humans and examined by the KK method and a validated real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. A high S. japonicum prevalence (90.2%) was revealed using qPCR whereas the KK method indicated a lower prevalence (22.9%). The geometric mean eggs per gram (GMEPG) determined by the qPCR was 36.5 and 11.5 by the KK. These results, particularly those obtained by the qPCR, indicate that the prevalence of schistosomiasis in this region of the Philippines is much higher than historically reported. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Despite being more expensive, qPCR can complement the KK procedure, particularly for surveillance and monitoring of areas where extensive schistosomiasis control has led to low prevalence and intensity infections and where schistosomiasis elimination is on the horizon, as for example in southern China. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Geoffrey N Gobert Remigio M Olveda Allen G Ross Gail M Williams Darren J Gray Donald Harn Yuesheng Li Donald P McManus |
author_facet |
Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Geoffrey N Gobert Remigio M Olveda Allen G Ross Gail M Williams Darren J Gray Donald Harn Yuesheng Li Donald P McManus |
author_sort |
Catherine A Gordon |
title |
Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
title_short |
Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
title_full |
Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
title_fullStr |
Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Real-time PCR demonstrates high prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
title_sort |
real-time pcr demonstrates high prevalence of schistosoma japonicum in the philippines: implications for surveillance and control. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 https://doaj.org/article/f9e98c17a63541c08fed9836ae78b301 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e0003483 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4301913?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 https://doaj.org/article/f9e98c17a63541c08fed9836ae78b301 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003483 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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9 |
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1 |
container_start_page |
e0003483 |
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