Real-time PCR assay for discrimination of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri in the Ivory Coast and in the Comoros Islands

• Published in: Malaria Journal
• Main Authors: Bauffe Frédérique, Desplans Jérôme, Fraisier Christophe, Parzy Daniel
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2012
• Subjects: Plasmodium ovale curtisi; Plasmodium ovale wallikeri; Real-time TaqMan® PCR; Diagnostic; Sympatry; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-307; https://doaj.org/article/f8be02529c9744e49437b13cb134a994

Abstract Background Plasmodium ovale is one of the five malaria species infecting humans. Recent data have shown that the name of this neglected species masks two distinct genotypes also called curtisi and wallikeri . Some authors show that these species could be sympatric. These two subspecies are not differentiated by microscopy techniques and malaria rapid diagnostic tests. This diagnostic defect is the result of low parasitaemia, antigenic polymorphism and absence of antibodies performance and requires the use of sequencing techniques. An accurate and easy discrimination detection method is necessary. Methods A new molecular assay was developed to easily identify the two genotypes of P. ovale . This tool allowed the study of 90 blood samples containing P. ovale , confirmed by molecular biology techniques, which were obtained from patients with imported malaria. Results The new marker was validated on well genotyped samples. The genotype of 90 P. ovale samples mainly imported from the Ivory Coast and the Comoros Islands was easily and quickly realized. The distribution of the two subspecies was described with a significant number of samples and showed that the two genotypes were present in the studied countries. Conclusion This work confirms the presence of the two species in the same country for the first time, in the Ivory Coast and the Comoros Islands. A better genotyping of P. ovale types may improve a better characterization of the clinical pathophysiology for each .