Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel
Diving mammals, are under extreme pressure to conserve oxygen as well as produce adequate energy through aerobic pathways during breath-hold diving. Typically a major source of energy, lipids participate in structural and regulatory roles and have an important influence on the physiological function...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f7d16acd60d84bbda7fb9c93ffc45aa9 2023-05-15T13:59:31+02:00 Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel Stephen J Trumble Shane B Kanatous 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 https://doaj.org/article/f7d16acd60d84bbda7fb9c93ffc45aa9 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X 1664-042X doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 https://doaj.org/article/f7d16acd60d84bbda7fb9c93ffc45aa9 Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 3 (2012) Fatty Acids Lipids Diving mammals PUFA Ontogeny Physiology QP1-981 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 2022-12-31T13:22:36Z Diving mammals, are under extreme pressure to conserve oxygen as well as produce adequate energy through aerobic pathways during breath-hold diving. Typically a major source of energy, lipids participate in structural and regulatory roles and have an important influence on the physiological functions of an organism. At the stochiometric level, the metabolism of PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) utilizes less oxygen than metabolizing either MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids) or SFAs (saturated fatty acids) and yields fewer ATP per same length fatty acid. However, there is evidence that indicates the cellular metabolic rate is directly correlated to the lipid composition of the membranes such that the greater the PUFA concentration in the membranes the greater the metabolic rate. These findings appear to be incompatible with diving mammals that ingest and metabolize high levels of unsaturated fatty acids while relying on stored oxygen. Growing evidence from birds to mammals including recent evidence in Weddell seals also indicates that at the whole animal level the utilization of PUFAs to fuel their metabolism actually conserves oxygen. In this paper, we make an initial attempt to ascertain the beneficial adaptations or limitations of lipids constituents and potential trade-offs in diving mammals. We discuss how changes in Antarctic climate are predicted to have numerous different environmental effects; such potential shifts in the availability of certain prey species or even changes in the lipid composition (increased SFA) of numerous fish species with increasing water temperatures and how this may impact the diving ability of Weddell seals. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seals Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Weddell Frontiers in Physiology 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Fatty Acids Lipids Diving mammals PUFA Ontogeny Physiology QP1-981 |
spellingShingle |
Fatty Acids Lipids Diving mammals PUFA Ontogeny Physiology QP1-981 Stephen J Trumble Shane B Kanatous Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
topic_facet |
Fatty Acids Lipids Diving mammals PUFA Ontogeny Physiology QP1-981 |
description |
Diving mammals, are under extreme pressure to conserve oxygen as well as produce adequate energy through aerobic pathways during breath-hold diving. Typically a major source of energy, lipids participate in structural and regulatory roles and have an important influence on the physiological functions of an organism. At the stochiometric level, the metabolism of PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) utilizes less oxygen than metabolizing either MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids) or SFAs (saturated fatty acids) and yields fewer ATP per same length fatty acid. However, there is evidence that indicates the cellular metabolic rate is directly correlated to the lipid composition of the membranes such that the greater the PUFA concentration in the membranes the greater the metabolic rate. These findings appear to be incompatible with diving mammals that ingest and metabolize high levels of unsaturated fatty acids while relying on stored oxygen. Growing evidence from birds to mammals including recent evidence in Weddell seals also indicates that at the whole animal level the utilization of PUFAs to fuel their metabolism actually conserves oxygen. In this paper, we make an initial attempt to ascertain the beneficial adaptations or limitations of lipids constituents and potential trade-offs in diving mammals. We discuss how changes in Antarctic climate are predicted to have numerous different environmental effects; such potential shifts in the availability of certain prey species or even changes in the lipid composition (increased SFA) of numerous fish species with increasing water temperatures and how this may impact the diving ability of Weddell seals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stephen J Trumble Shane B Kanatous |
author_facet |
Stephen J Trumble Shane B Kanatous |
author_sort |
Stephen J Trumble |
title |
Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
title_short |
Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
title_full |
Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
title_fullStr |
Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fatty Acid use in Diving Mammals: More than Merely Fuel |
title_sort |
fatty acid use in diving mammals: more than merely fuel |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 https://doaj.org/article/f7d16acd60d84bbda7fb9c93ffc45aa9 |
geographic |
Antarctic Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seals |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seals |
op_source |
Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 3 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X 1664-042X doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 https://doaj.org/article/f7d16acd60d84bbda7fb9c93ffc45aa9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00184 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Physiology |
container_volume |
3 |
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1766268092841721856 |