Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis
Abstract Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting histidine rich protein 2(HRP2) are widely used for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Besides PfHRP2, the PfHRP3 antigen contributes to the detection of P. falciparum infections in PfHRP2 RDTs. However, the performance HRP2-base...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f7c5ca4e93d14a16881e0c1be2314a05 2023-05-15T15:17:11+02:00 Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu Kayla Blackburn Karen Lopez Cheikh Cambel Dieng Eugenia Lo Daniel Janies Lemu Golassa 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x https://doaj.org/article/f7c5ca4e93d14a16881e0c1be2314a05 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/f7c5ca4e93d14a16881e0c1be2314a05 Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) Plasmodium falciparum Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion PfHRP2 RDT Microscopy PCR Assosa Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x 2022-12-31T05:33:55Z Abstract Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting histidine rich protein 2(HRP2) are widely used for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Besides PfHRP2, the PfHRP3 antigen contributes to the detection of P. falciparum infections in PfHRP2 RDTs. However, the performance HRP2-based RDT is affected by pfhrp2/3 gene deletions resulting in false-negative test results. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of pfhrp2/3 gene deletions including the respective flanking regions among symptomatic patients in Assosa zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A health-facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in febrile patients seeking a malaria diagnosis in 2018. Blood samples were collected by finger-prick for microscopic examination of blood smears, malaria RDT, and molecular analysis using dried blood spots (DBS) prepared on Whatman filter paper. A total of 218 P. falciparum positive samples confirmed by quantitative PCR were included for molecular assay of pfhrp2/3 target gene. Results Of 218 P. falciparum positive samples, exon 2 deletions were observed in 17.9% of pfhrp2 gene and in 9.2% of pfhrp3 gene. A high proportion of deletions in short segments of pfhrp2 exon1-2 (50%) was also detected while the deletions of the pfhrp3 exon1-2 gene were 4.1%. The deletions were extended to the downstream and upstream of the flanking regions in pfhrp2/3 gene (above 30%). Of eighty-six PfHRP2 RDT negative samples, thirty-six lacked pfhrp2 exon 2. Five PfHRP2 RDT negative samples had double deletions in pfhrp2 exon 2 and pfhrp3 exon2. Of these double deletions, only two of the samples with a parasite density above 2000 parasite/µl were positive by the microscopy. Three samples with intact pfhrp3 exon2 in the pfhrp2 exon2 deleted parasite isolates were found to be positive by PfHRP2 RDT and microscopy with a parasite density above 10,000/µl. Conclusion This study confirms the presence of deletions of pfhrp2/3 gene including the flanking regions. Pfhrp2/3 gene deletions ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 20 1 |
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Plasmodium falciparum Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion PfHRP2 RDT Microscopy PCR Assosa Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Plasmodium falciparum Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion PfHRP2 RDT Microscopy PCR Assosa Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu Kayla Blackburn Karen Lopez Cheikh Cambel Dieng Eugenia Lo Daniel Janies Lemu Golassa Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
topic_facet |
Plasmodium falciparum Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion PfHRP2 RDT Microscopy PCR Assosa Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting histidine rich protein 2(HRP2) are widely used for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Besides PfHRP2, the PfHRP3 antigen contributes to the detection of P. falciparum infections in PfHRP2 RDTs. However, the performance HRP2-based RDT is affected by pfhrp2/3 gene deletions resulting in false-negative test results. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of pfhrp2/3 gene deletions including the respective flanking regions among symptomatic patients in Assosa zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A health-facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in febrile patients seeking a malaria diagnosis in 2018. Blood samples were collected by finger-prick for microscopic examination of blood smears, malaria RDT, and molecular analysis using dried blood spots (DBS) prepared on Whatman filter paper. A total of 218 P. falciparum positive samples confirmed by quantitative PCR were included for molecular assay of pfhrp2/3 target gene. Results Of 218 P. falciparum positive samples, exon 2 deletions were observed in 17.9% of pfhrp2 gene and in 9.2% of pfhrp3 gene. A high proportion of deletions in short segments of pfhrp2 exon1-2 (50%) was also detected while the deletions of the pfhrp3 exon1-2 gene were 4.1%. The deletions were extended to the downstream and upstream of the flanking regions in pfhrp2/3 gene (above 30%). Of eighty-six PfHRP2 RDT negative samples, thirty-six lacked pfhrp2 exon 2. Five PfHRP2 RDT negative samples had double deletions in pfhrp2 exon 2 and pfhrp3 exon2. Of these double deletions, only two of the samples with a parasite density above 2000 parasite/µl were positive by the microscopy. Three samples with intact pfhrp3 exon2 in the pfhrp2 exon2 deleted parasite isolates were found to be positive by PfHRP2 RDT and microscopy with a parasite density above 10,000/µl. Conclusion This study confirms the presence of deletions of pfhrp2/3 gene including the flanking regions. Pfhrp2/3 gene deletions ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu Kayla Blackburn Karen Lopez Cheikh Cambel Dieng Eugenia Lo Daniel Janies Lemu Golassa |
author_facet |
Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu Kayla Blackburn Karen Lopez Cheikh Cambel Dieng Eugenia Lo Daniel Janies Lemu Golassa |
author_sort |
Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu |
title |
Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
title_short |
Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
title_full |
Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
title_fullStr |
Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Detection of high prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in Assosa zone, Ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
title_sort |
detection of high prevalence of plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions in assosa zone, ethiopia: implication for malaria diagnosis |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x https://doaj.org/article/f7c5ca4e93d14a16881e0c1be2314a05 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/f7c5ca4e93d14a16881e0c1be2314a05 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03629-x |
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Malaria Journal |
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20 |
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1766347455338643456 |