Prevalencia y resistencia antimicrobiana de especies de Shigella aisladas de niños con diarrea en Maracaibo, Venezuela

• Main Authors: Sandrea L, Martínez A, Valero-Leal K, Ávila Y
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English; Spanish
• Published: Universidad del Zulia,Facultad de Medicina,Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales 2002
• Subjects: Shigella; prevalence; resistance; antimicrobial agents; enteropathogens; diarrhea; prevalencia; resistencia; enteropatógenos; antimicrobianos; diarrea; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/f7c2a2a0dce546d5a546f13124728685

Abstract: In order to determine the prevalence of shigellosis in children younger than 6 years old in the city of Maracaibo between the years 1995-1999, 789 fecal samples were processed. In 358 (45,4%) specimens, enteropathogen bacteria were detected. Shigella spp. represented 72,3%, 174 (67,2%) cases were of S. flexneri, 79 (30,5%) were S. sonnei, 4 (1,5%) and 2 (0,8%) were S. boydii and S. dysenteriae, respectively. Around 68% of the cases were detected in children younger than 3 years of age, and 36% in children younger than 1 year old. S. flexneri and S. sonnei were presented in all the age groups. The two cases of S. dysenteriae were found in patients younger than 1 year of age. When studying sensibility and resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalotin, tetracycline, piperacillin, cefoperazone, cefamandole, ceftazidime, gentamicin, ampicillin sulbactam, amikacin, aztreonam, netilmicina, colimicin, chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid, 92% of the 259 Shigella strains were multirresistant (3 to 8 antimicrobial agents). Resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole was 72,2%, whereas in ampicillin and carbenicillin it was 64,8%. The two strains of S. dysenteriae were resistant to the three mentioned antimicrobial agents. The 4 isolations of S. boydii developed resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole only. Cephalotin resistance was 34,4 %. Regarding second and third generation cephalosporins, the resistance percentages were lower: cefamandole (7,3%), cefoperazone (7,3%) and ceftazidime (6,2%). Approximately 4,6% of the strains were resistant to ampicillin sulbactam, 1,5% to aztreonam and 10% to piperacillin. Resistance developed in relation to aminoglycosides was low; gentamicin (5,4%) and amikacin (5,8%); resistance to tetracycline was 28,8%, resistance to chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, colimicin and netilmicina was not observed. Resumen; Para determinar la prevalencia de shigelosis en niños menores de 6 años de edad, en la ciudad de Maracaibo, durante los años ...