Impact of annual preventive mass chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminths among primary school children in an endemic area of Gurage zone: a prospective cross-sectional study

• Main Authors: Shumbej T, Menu S, Girum T, Bekele F, Gebru T, Worku M, Dendir A, Solomon A, Kahase D, Alemayehu M
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2019
• Subjects: Mass chemotherapy; STHs; Guragae Zone; Ethiopia; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/f7a895dcec774b10848530f7829a37cf

Teha Shumbej,1 Sofia Menu,2 Tadele Girum,3 Fitsum Bekele,1 Teklemichael Gebru,3 Meron Worku,3 Andamlak Dendir,3 Absra Solomon,1 Daniel Kahase,1 Mihret Alemayehu11Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia; 3Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, EthiopiaBackground and aim: School-based preventive mass chemotherapy has been a key component of Ethiopia’s national plan for the control of soil-transmitted helminths. Without an impact evaluation on the impact of a deworming program on infection levels, it is unclear whether the deworming program warrants levels of environmental transmission of infection. This study aimed to determine the impact of annual preventive mass chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminths among schoolchildren in an endemic area of Gurage zone, south-central Ethiopia.Methods: A repeated school-based quantitative prospective cross-sectional method was employed. Data were collected from study participants selected using systematic sampling with probability proportional to size at baseline and after annual treatment. Fresh stool samples were collected and processed using the Kato─Katz technique at the Wolkite University parasitology laboratory. SPSS-21 was used for data management and analysis. Changes in parasitological variables after treatment were estimated.Results: Overall, 41.1% prevalence and 22.3% mean geometric infection-intensity reduction were found. Reductions in prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and hookworms were 13.2% and 15.3%, respectively. Similarly, decreases in prevalence were seen in Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, representing 94.4% and 80.0% reduction rates, respectively, while 25.9% of the children had heavy S. mansoni (≥400 eggs per gram) infections at baseline, which were reduced to 4.5% after annual treatment. ...