An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet
We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observations collected over the past several decades and is applied here to modeling of the Greenland ice sheet. We use realistic simulati...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f6ce6e4a7a534367b186b42094cc6851 2023-05-15T16:21:27+02:00 An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet S. F. Price M. J. Hoffman J. A. Bonin I. M. Howat T. Neumann J. Saba I. Tezaur J. Guerber D. P. Chambers K. J. Evans J. H. Kennedy J. Lenaerts W. H. Lipscomb M. Perego A. G. Salinger R. S. Tuminaro M. R. van den Broeke S. M. J. Nowicki 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 https://doaj.org/article/f6ce6e4a7a534367b186b42094cc6851 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/10/255/2017/gmd-10-255-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 1991-959X 1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 https://doaj.org/article/f6ce6e4a7a534367b186b42094cc6851 Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 255-270 (2017) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 2022-12-31T15:52:08Z We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observations collected over the past several decades and is applied here to modeling of the Greenland ice sheet. We use realistic simulations performed with the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) along with two idealized, non-dynamic models to demonstrate the framework and its use. Dynamic simulations with CISM are forced from 1991 to 2013, using combinations of reanalysis-based surface mass balance and observations of outlet glacier flux change. We propose and demonstrate qualitative and quantitative metrics for use in evaluating the different model simulations against the observations. We find that the altimetry observations used here are largely ambiguous in terms of their ability to distinguish one simulation from another. Based on basin-scale and whole-ice-sheet-scale metrics, we find that simulations using both idealized conceptual models and dynamic, numerical models provide an equally reasonable representation of the ice sheet surface (mean elevation differences of < 1 m). This is likely due to their short period of record, biases inherent to digital elevation models used for model initial conditions, and biases resulting from firn dynamics, which are not explicitly accounted for in the models or observations. On the other hand, we find that the gravimetry observations used here are able to unambiguously distinguish between simulations of varying complexity, and along with the CmCt, can provide a quantitative score for assessing a particular model and/or simulation. The new framework demonstrates that our proposed metrics can distinguish relatively better from relatively worse simulations and that dynamic ice sheet models, when appropriately initialized and forced with the right boundary conditions, demonstrate a predictive skill with respect to observed dynamic changes that have occurred on Greenland over the past few decades. An extensible ... Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Greenland Geoscientific Model Development 10 1 255 270 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 S. F. Price M. J. Hoffman J. A. Bonin I. M. Howat T. Neumann J. Saba I. Tezaur J. Guerber D. P. Chambers K. J. Evans J. H. Kennedy J. Lenaerts W. H. Lipscomb M. Perego A. G. Salinger R. S. Tuminaro M. R. van den Broeke S. M. J. Nowicki An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
We propose a new ice sheet model validation framework – the Cryospheric Model Comparison Tool (CmCt) – that takes advantage of ice sheet altimetry and gravimetry observations collected over the past several decades and is applied here to modeling of the Greenland ice sheet. We use realistic simulations performed with the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) along with two idealized, non-dynamic models to demonstrate the framework and its use. Dynamic simulations with CISM are forced from 1991 to 2013, using combinations of reanalysis-based surface mass balance and observations of outlet glacier flux change. We propose and demonstrate qualitative and quantitative metrics for use in evaluating the different model simulations against the observations. We find that the altimetry observations used here are largely ambiguous in terms of their ability to distinguish one simulation from another. Based on basin-scale and whole-ice-sheet-scale metrics, we find that simulations using both idealized conceptual models and dynamic, numerical models provide an equally reasonable representation of the ice sheet surface (mean elevation differences of < 1 m). This is likely due to their short period of record, biases inherent to digital elevation models used for model initial conditions, and biases resulting from firn dynamics, which are not explicitly accounted for in the models or observations. On the other hand, we find that the gravimetry observations used here are able to unambiguously distinguish between simulations of varying complexity, and along with the CmCt, can provide a quantitative score for assessing a particular model and/or simulation. The new framework demonstrates that our proposed metrics can distinguish relatively better from relatively worse simulations and that dynamic ice sheet models, when appropriately initialized and forced with the right boundary conditions, demonstrate a predictive skill with respect to observed dynamic changes that have occurred on Greenland over the past few decades. An extensible ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
S. F. Price M. J. Hoffman J. A. Bonin I. M. Howat T. Neumann J. Saba I. Tezaur J. Guerber D. P. Chambers K. J. Evans J. H. Kennedy J. Lenaerts W. H. Lipscomb M. Perego A. G. Salinger R. S. Tuminaro M. R. van den Broeke S. M. J. Nowicki |
author_facet |
S. F. Price M. J. Hoffman J. A. Bonin I. M. Howat T. Neumann J. Saba I. Tezaur J. Guerber D. P. Chambers K. J. Evans J. H. Kennedy J. Lenaerts W. H. Lipscomb M. Perego A. G. Salinger R. S. Tuminaro M. R. van den Broeke S. M. J. Nowicki |
author_sort |
S. F. Price |
title |
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
title_short |
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
title_full |
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
title_fullStr |
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
title_full_unstemmed |
An ice sheet model validation framework for the Greenland ice sheet |
title_sort |
ice sheet model validation framework for the greenland ice sheet |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 https://doaj.org/article/f6ce6e4a7a534367b186b42094cc6851 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 255-270 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/10/255/2017/gmd-10-255-2017.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 1991-959X 1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 https://doaj.org/article/f6ce6e4a7a534367b186b42094cc6851 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-255-2017 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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10 |
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1 |
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255 |
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270 |
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1766009456848535552 |