Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter
East-Asia winter cooling and the associated atmospheric and oceanic influences were investigated based on the wintertime daily temperature and circulation fields during 1950–2020. Both the case study on the 2020/2021 cold surge and the large-sample clustering in the recent 71 winters extracted simil...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f6b9289972674dd58fa94c68f6f1dbe9 2024-01-07T09:42:01+01:00 Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter Xiaoyu Tan Linhao Zhong Lin Mu Zhaohui Gong 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081103 https://doaj.org/article/f6b9289972674dd58fa94c68f6f1dbe9 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/8/1103 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse10081103 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/f6b9289972674dd58fa94c68f6f1dbe9 Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 10, Iss 8, p 1103 (2022) East-Asia cold surge tropical ocean sea-ice melting synergy effect Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081103 2023-12-10T01:44:31Z East-Asia winter cooling and the associated atmospheric and oceanic influences were investigated based on the wintertime daily temperature and circulation fields during 1950–2020. Both the case study on the 2020/2021 cold surge and the large-sample clustering in the recent 71 winters extracted similar circulation signatures for East-Asia cooling, which are featured by the blocking-related anticyclonic circulation in North Eurasia, large-scale mid-to-high-latitude wave trains, decrease in the sea surface temperature (SST) in tropical Pacific, and the sea-ice cover (SIC) reduction in the Barents and Kara Seas (BKS). From the joint clustering of Eurasian circulation and temperature, two circulation modes that have a cooling effect on East Asia account for 41% of winter days. One of the two modes is characterized by the cyclonic circulation over Northeast Asia coupled with a southward-extending negative-phase Arctic Oscillation (AO−), whose cooling effect is mainly concentrated in central Siberia. The other cooling mode, featuring an anticyclonic circulation over the Urals and AO+ in middle-to-high latitudes, has a relatively stronger cooling effect on lower latitudes, including Mongolia and North China. In general, the occurrences of the mode with warming/cooling effect on East Asia show an overall downward/upward trend. The two cooling modes are significantly influenced by the La Niña-type SST anomaly and reduced SIC in BKS through large-scale wave trains, of which the tropical oceanic forcing mainly acts as a climatic background. Furthermore, the polar forcing is more tightly bound to internal atmospheric variability. Therefore, the tropical SST tends to exert impact over a seasonal scale, but the SIC influence is more significant below the intraseasonal scale; moreover, the synergy between the tropical and polar oceanic forcing can increase the East-Asia cooling days by 3–4% and cold extremes by 5%, mainly through enhancing the AO-related circulation mode. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice Siberia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Pacific Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10 8 1103 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
East-Asia cold surge tropical ocean sea-ice melting synergy effect Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
spellingShingle |
East-Asia cold surge tropical ocean sea-ice melting synergy effect Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 Xiaoyu Tan Linhao Zhong Lin Mu Zhaohui Gong Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
topic_facet |
East-Asia cold surge tropical ocean sea-ice melting synergy effect Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
description |
East-Asia winter cooling and the associated atmospheric and oceanic influences were investigated based on the wintertime daily temperature and circulation fields during 1950–2020. Both the case study on the 2020/2021 cold surge and the large-sample clustering in the recent 71 winters extracted similar circulation signatures for East-Asia cooling, which are featured by the blocking-related anticyclonic circulation in North Eurasia, large-scale mid-to-high-latitude wave trains, decrease in the sea surface temperature (SST) in tropical Pacific, and the sea-ice cover (SIC) reduction in the Barents and Kara Seas (BKS). From the joint clustering of Eurasian circulation and temperature, two circulation modes that have a cooling effect on East Asia account for 41% of winter days. One of the two modes is characterized by the cyclonic circulation over Northeast Asia coupled with a southward-extending negative-phase Arctic Oscillation (AO−), whose cooling effect is mainly concentrated in central Siberia. The other cooling mode, featuring an anticyclonic circulation over the Urals and AO+ in middle-to-high latitudes, has a relatively stronger cooling effect on lower latitudes, including Mongolia and North China. In general, the occurrences of the mode with warming/cooling effect on East Asia show an overall downward/upward trend. The two cooling modes are significantly influenced by the La Niña-type SST anomaly and reduced SIC in BKS through large-scale wave trains, of which the tropical oceanic forcing mainly acts as a climatic background. Furthermore, the polar forcing is more tightly bound to internal atmospheric variability. Therefore, the tropical SST tends to exert impact over a seasonal scale, but the SIC influence is more significant below the intraseasonal scale; moreover, the synergy between the tropical and polar oceanic forcing can increase the East-Asia cooling days by 3–4% and cold extremes by 5%, mainly through enhancing the AO-related circulation mode. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xiaoyu Tan Linhao Zhong Lin Mu Zhaohui Gong |
author_facet |
Xiaoyu Tan Linhao Zhong Lin Mu Zhaohui Gong |
author_sort |
Xiaoyu Tan |
title |
Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
title_short |
Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
title_full |
Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
title_fullStr |
Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tropical and Polar Oceanic Influences on the Cold Extremes in East Asia: Implications of the Cold Surges in 2020/2021 Winter |
title_sort |
tropical and polar oceanic influences on the cold extremes in east asia: implications of the cold surges in 2020/2021 winter |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081103 https://doaj.org/article/f6b9289972674dd58fa94c68f6f1dbe9 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice Siberia |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 10, Iss 8, p 1103 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/8/1103 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse10081103 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/f6b9289972674dd58fa94c68f6f1dbe9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081103 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1103 |
_version_ |
1787422852377477120 |