Isoenzymatic genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus from dairy cattle and human clinical environments reveal evolutionary divergences

• Published in: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
• Main Authors: Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo, Rodrigo Carlos Bassi, José Francisco Höfling
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo (USP) 2018
• Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus; Genetic diversity; Environment and anatomical site; Propagation dynamics; MLEE; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201860054; https://doaj.org/article/f5ee5d4166204b3bbe041749fa288e11

ABSTRACT Background The genetic variability of 610 S. aureus isolates from the hands of professional dentists (A), dental clinic environment air (B), bovine milk from cows with and without mastitis (C), an insufflator for milking equipment (D) and milking environment air (E) was studied by isoenzyme genotyping and genetic and cluster analysis. Results Monoclonal and polyclonal patterns of S. aureus were detected in every bacterial population; however, isolates belonging to the same strain were not found among the populations, suggesting the genetic heterogeneity and the intrapopulation spread of strains. Genetic relationship analysis revealed the co-existence of highly related strains at low frequency among populations. Conclusion The data suggest that some strains can adapt and colonize new epidemiologically unrelated habitats. Consequently, the occurrence of an epidemiological genotypic identity can assume a dynamic character (spread to new habitats), however infrequently. A tendency of microevolutionary and genetic divergences among populations of S. aureus from human sources (AB) and bovine milk (DE), and especially the mammary quarter (C), is also suggested. This research can contribute to the knowledge on the distribution and dissemination of strains and the implementation of control measures and eradication of S. aureus in important dental clinic environments, as well as animal environments and dairy production.