Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models.
BACKGROUND:Among the common soil-transmitted helminth infections, hookworm causes the highest burden. Previous research in the southern part of Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) revealed high prevalence rates of hookworm infection. The purpose of this study was to predict the spatial d...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f5e0c3f7576a483598f38815f4b2c1c7 2023-05-15T15:12:37+02:00 Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. Armelle Forrer Penelope Vounatsou Somphou Sayasone Youthanavanh Vonghachack Dalouny Bouakhasith Jürg Utzinger Kongsap Akkhavong Peter Odermatt 2015-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 https://doaj.org/article/f5e0c3f7576a483598f38815f4b2c1c7 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4378892?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 https://doaj.org/article/f5e0c3f7576a483598f38815f4b2c1c7 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003486 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 2022-12-31T14:52:17Z BACKGROUND:Among the common soil-transmitted helminth infections, hookworm causes the highest burden. Previous research in the southern part of Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) revealed high prevalence rates of hookworm infection. The purpose of this study was to predict the spatial distribution of hookworm infection and intensity, and to investigate risk factors in the Champasack province, southern Lao PDR. METHODOLOGY:A cross-sectional parasitological and questionnaire survey was conducted in 51 villages. Data on demography, socioeconomic status, water, sanitation, and behavior were combined with remotely sensed environmental data. Bayesian mixed effects logistic and negative binomial models were utilized to investigate risk factors and spatial distribution of hookworm infection and intensity, and to make predictions for non-surveyed locations. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A total of 3,371 individuals were examined with duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears and revealed a hookworm prevalence of 48.8%. Most infections (91.7%) were of light intensity (1-1,999 eggs/g of stool). Lower hookworm infection levels were associated with higher socioeconomic status. The lowest infection levels were found in preschool-aged children. Overall, females were at lower risk of infection, but women aged 50 years and above harbored the heaviest hookworm infection intensities. Hookworm was widespread in Champasack province with little evidence for spatial clustering. Infection risk was somewhat lower in the lowlands, mostly along the western bank of the Mekong River, while infection intensity was homogeneous across the Champasack province. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Hookworm transmission seems to occur within, rather than between villages in Champasack province. We present spatial risk maps of hookworm infection and intensity, which suggest that control efforts should be intensified in the Champasack province, particularly in mountainous areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 3 e0003486 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Armelle Forrer Penelope Vounatsou Somphou Sayasone Youthanavanh Vonghachack Dalouny Bouakhasith Jürg Utzinger Kongsap Akkhavong Peter Odermatt Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Among the common soil-transmitted helminth infections, hookworm causes the highest burden. Previous research in the southern part of Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) revealed high prevalence rates of hookworm infection. The purpose of this study was to predict the spatial distribution of hookworm infection and intensity, and to investigate risk factors in the Champasack province, southern Lao PDR. METHODOLOGY:A cross-sectional parasitological and questionnaire survey was conducted in 51 villages. Data on demography, socioeconomic status, water, sanitation, and behavior were combined with remotely sensed environmental data. Bayesian mixed effects logistic and negative binomial models were utilized to investigate risk factors and spatial distribution of hookworm infection and intensity, and to make predictions for non-surveyed locations. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A total of 3,371 individuals were examined with duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears and revealed a hookworm prevalence of 48.8%. Most infections (91.7%) were of light intensity (1-1,999 eggs/g of stool). Lower hookworm infection levels were associated with higher socioeconomic status. The lowest infection levels were found in preschool-aged children. Overall, females were at lower risk of infection, but women aged 50 years and above harbored the heaviest hookworm infection intensities. Hookworm was widespread in Champasack province with little evidence for spatial clustering. Infection risk was somewhat lower in the lowlands, mostly along the western bank of the Mekong River, while infection intensity was homogeneous across the Champasack province. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Hookworm transmission seems to occur within, rather than between villages in Champasack province. We present spatial risk maps of hookworm infection and intensity, which suggest that control efforts should be intensified in the Champasack province, particularly in mountainous areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Armelle Forrer Penelope Vounatsou Somphou Sayasone Youthanavanh Vonghachack Dalouny Bouakhasith Jürg Utzinger Kongsap Akkhavong Peter Odermatt |
author_facet |
Armelle Forrer Penelope Vounatsou Somphou Sayasone Youthanavanh Vonghachack Dalouny Bouakhasith Jürg Utzinger Kongsap Akkhavong Peter Odermatt |
author_sort |
Armelle Forrer |
title |
Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
title_short |
Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
title_full |
Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
title_fullStr |
Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic using Bayesian models. |
title_sort |
risk profiling of hookworm infection and intensity in southern lao people's democratic republic using bayesian models. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 https://doaj.org/article/f5e0c3f7576a483598f38815f4b2c1c7 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003486 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4378892?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 https://doaj.org/article/f5e0c3f7576a483598f38815f4b2c1c7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003486 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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9 |
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3 |
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e0003486 |
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