A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response.
Key results Both outbreaks started in small towns, but cases were also detected in nearby larger cities where transmission was limited to small clusters. The time spans between the first and the last symptom onsets were similar between the 2 outbreaks, and the delay from the symptom onset of the ind...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/article/f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 2023-05-15T15:14:30+02:00 A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. Beniamino Caputo Gianluca Russo Mattia Manica Francesco Vairo Piero Poletti Giorgio Guzzetta Stefano Merler Carolina Scagnolari Angelo Solimini 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/article/f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/article/f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e0008159 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 2022-12-31T11:56:29Z Key results Both outbreaks started in small towns, but cases were also detected in nearby larger cities where transmission was limited to small clusters. The time spans between the first and the last symptom onsets were similar between the 2 outbreaks, and the delay from the symptom onset of the index case and the first case notified was considerable. Comparable infection and transmission rates were observed in laboratory. The basic reproductive number (R0) was estimated in the range of 1.8-6 (2007) and 1.5-2.6 (2017). Clinical characteristics were similar between outbreaks, and no acute complications were reported, though a higher frequency of ocular symptoms, myalgia, and rash was observed in 2017. Very little is known about the immune mediator profile of CHIKV-infected patients during the 2 outbreaks. Regarding public health responses, after the 2007 outbreak, the Italian Ministry of Health developed national guidelines to implement surveillance and good practices to prevent and control autochthonous transmission. However, only a few regional authorities implemented it, and the perception of outbreak risk and knowledge of clinical symptoms and transmission dynamics by general practitioners remained low. Major conclusions Efforts should be devoted to developing suitable procedures for early detection of virus circulation in the population, possibly through the analysis of medical records in near real time. Increasing the awareness of CHIKV of general practitioners and public health officials through tailored education may be effective, especially in small coastal towns where the outbreak risk may be higher. A key element is also the shift of citizen awareness from considering Aedes mosquitoes not only as a nuisance problem but also as a public health one. We advocate the need of strengthening the surveillance and of promoting the active participation of the communities to prevent and contain future outbreaks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 6 e0008159 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Beniamino Caputo Gianluca Russo Mattia Manica Francesco Vairo Piero Poletti Giorgio Guzzetta Stefano Merler Carolina Scagnolari Angelo Solimini A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Key results Both outbreaks started in small towns, but cases were also detected in nearby larger cities where transmission was limited to small clusters. The time spans between the first and the last symptom onsets were similar between the 2 outbreaks, and the delay from the symptom onset of the index case and the first case notified was considerable. Comparable infection and transmission rates were observed in laboratory. The basic reproductive number (R0) was estimated in the range of 1.8-6 (2007) and 1.5-2.6 (2017). Clinical characteristics were similar between outbreaks, and no acute complications were reported, though a higher frequency of ocular symptoms, myalgia, and rash was observed in 2017. Very little is known about the immune mediator profile of CHIKV-infected patients during the 2 outbreaks. Regarding public health responses, after the 2007 outbreak, the Italian Ministry of Health developed national guidelines to implement surveillance and good practices to prevent and control autochthonous transmission. However, only a few regional authorities implemented it, and the perception of outbreak risk and knowledge of clinical symptoms and transmission dynamics by general practitioners remained low. Major conclusions Efforts should be devoted to developing suitable procedures for early detection of virus circulation in the population, possibly through the analysis of medical records in near real time. Increasing the awareness of CHIKV of general practitioners and public health officials through tailored education may be effective, especially in small coastal towns where the outbreak risk may be higher. A key element is also the shift of citizen awareness from considering Aedes mosquitoes not only as a nuisance problem but also as a public health one. We advocate the need of strengthening the surveillance and of promoting the active participation of the communities to prevent and contain future outbreaks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Beniamino Caputo Gianluca Russo Mattia Manica Francesco Vairo Piero Poletti Giorgio Guzzetta Stefano Merler Carolina Scagnolari Angelo Solimini |
author_facet |
Beniamino Caputo Gianluca Russo Mattia Manica Francesco Vairo Piero Poletti Giorgio Guzzetta Stefano Merler Carolina Scagnolari Angelo Solimini |
author_sort |
Beniamino Caputo |
title |
A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
title_short |
A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
title_full |
A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
title_fullStr |
A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
title_full_unstemmed |
A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
title_sort |
comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/article/f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e0008159 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 https://doaj.org/article/f5d243e5390f4141baf1ce6c415d8013 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008159 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
e0008159 |
_version_ |
1766344949926723584 |