The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes).
Populations are exposed to different types and strains of pathogens across heterogeneous landscapes, where local interactions between host and pathogen may present reciprocal selective forces leading to correlated patterns of spatial genetic structure. Understanding these coevolutionary patterns pro...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f5b6242bc63843fea76f9394e33b6b51 2023-05-15T14:53:07+02:00 The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Tristan M Baecklund Jaycee Morrison Michael E Donaldson Karsten Hueffer Christopher J Kyle 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/article/f5b6242bc63843fea76f9394e33b6b51 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/article/f5b6242bc63843fea76f9394e33b6b51 PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e0249176 (2021) Medicine R Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 2022-12-31T09:01:48Z Populations are exposed to different types and strains of pathogens across heterogeneous landscapes, where local interactions between host and pathogen may present reciprocal selective forces leading to correlated patterns of spatial genetic structure. Understanding these coevolutionary patterns provides insight into mechanisms of disease spread and maintenance. Arctic rabies (AR) is a lethal disease with viral variants that occupy distinct geographic distributions across North America and Europe. Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) are a highly susceptible AR host, whose range overlaps both geographically distinct AR strains and regions where AR is absent. It is unclear if genetic structure exists among red fox populations relative to the presence/absence of AR or the spatial distribution of AR variants. Acquiring these data may enhance our understanding of the role of red fox in AR maintenance/spread and inform disease control strategies. Using a genotyping-by-sequencing assay targeting 116 genomic regions of immunogenetic relevance, we screened for sequence variation among red fox populations from Alaska and an outgroup from Ontario, including areas with different AR variants, and regions where the disease was absent. Presumed neutral SNP data from the assay found negligible levels of neutral genetic structure among Alaskan populations. The immunogenetically-associated data identified 30 outlier SNPs supporting weak to moderate genetic structure between regions with and without AR in Alaska. The outliers included SNPs with the potential to cause missense mutations within several toll-like receptor genes that have been associated with AR outcome. In contrast, there was a lack of genetic structure between regions with different AR variants. Combined, we interpret these data to suggest red fox populations respond differently to the presence of AR, but not AR variants. This research increases our understanding of AR dynamics in the Arctic, where host/disease patterns are undergoing flux in a rapidly changing Arctic ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS ONE 16 4 e0249176 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Tristan M Baecklund Jaycee Morrison Michael E Donaldson Karsten Hueffer Christopher J Kyle The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Populations are exposed to different types and strains of pathogens across heterogeneous landscapes, where local interactions between host and pathogen may present reciprocal selective forces leading to correlated patterns of spatial genetic structure. Understanding these coevolutionary patterns provides insight into mechanisms of disease spread and maintenance. Arctic rabies (AR) is a lethal disease with viral variants that occupy distinct geographic distributions across North America and Europe. Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) are a highly susceptible AR host, whose range overlaps both geographically distinct AR strains and regions where AR is absent. It is unclear if genetic structure exists among red fox populations relative to the presence/absence of AR or the spatial distribution of AR variants. Acquiring these data may enhance our understanding of the role of red fox in AR maintenance/spread and inform disease control strategies. Using a genotyping-by-sequencing assay targeting 116 genomic regions of immunogenetic relevance, we screened for sequence variation among red fox populations from Alaska and an outgroup from Ontario, including areas with different AR variants, and regions where the disease was absent. Presumed neutral SNP data from the assay found negligible levels of neutral genetic structure among Alaskan populations. The immunogenetically-associated data identified 30 outlier SNPs supporting weak to moderate genetic structure between regions with and without AR in Alaska. The outliers included SNPs with the potential to cause missense mutations within several toll-like receptor genes that have been associated with AR outcome. In contrast, there was a lack of genetic structure between regions with different AR variants. Combined, we interpret these data to suggest red fox populations respond differently to the presence of AR, but not AR variants. This research increases our understanding of AR dynamics in the Arctic, where host/disease patterns are undergoing flux in a rapidly changing Arctic ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tristan M Baecklund Jaycee Morrison Michael E Donaldson Karsten Hueffer Christopher J Kyle |
author_facet |
Tristan M Baecklund Jaycee Morrison Michael E Donaldson Karsten Hueffer Christopher J Kyle |
author_sort |
Tristan M Baecklund |
title |
The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
title_short |
The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
title_full |
The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
title_fullStr |
The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
title_full_unstemmed |
The role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: Assessment of functional genetic diversity in Alaskan red fox (Vulpes vulpes). |
title_sort |
role of a mechanistic host in maintaining arctic rabies variant distributions: assessment of functional genetic diversity in alaskan red fox (vulpes vulpes). |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/article/f5b6242bc63843fea76f9394e33b6b51 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Alaska |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e0249176 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 https://doaj.org/article/f5b6242bc63843fea76f9394e33b6b51 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249176 |
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PLOS ONE |
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16 |
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4 |
container_start_page |
e0249176 |
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