Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada
Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem in the Northwest Territories (NWT), particularly among Canadian Aboriginal people. Objective. To analyse the transmission patterns of tuberculosis among the population living in the NWT, a territorial jurisdiction located within Nor...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f5205acfcb7e4a079eb31b4b81e6e362 2023-05-15T15:13:11+02:00 Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada Cheryl Case Kami Kandola Linda Chui Vincent Li Nancy Nix Rhonda Johnson 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 https://doaj.org/article/f5205acfcb7e4a079eb31b4b81e6e362 EN eng Taylor & Francis Group http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/download/20067/pdf_1 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 2242-3982 https://doaj.org/article/f5205acfcb7e4a079eb31b4b81e6e362 International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 72, Iss 0, Pp 1-8 (2013) tuberculosis transmission RFLP social network analysis aboriginal DNA fingerprinting contact tracing Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 2022-12-31T12:32:09Z Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem in the Northwest Territories (NWT), particularly among Canadian Aboriginal people. Objective. To analyse the transmission patterns of tuberculosis among the population living in the NWT, a territorial jurisdiction located within Northern Canada. Methods. This population-based retrospective study examined the DNA fingerprints of all laboratory confirmed cases of TB in the NWT, Canada, between 1990 and 2009. An isolate of each lab-confirmed case had genotyping done using IS6110 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. DNA patterns were assigned to each DNA fingerprint, and indistinguishable fingerprints patterns were assigned a cluster. Social network analysis (SNA) was used to examine direct linkages among cases determined through conventional contact tracing (CCT), their DNA fingerprint and home community. Results. Of the 225 lab-confirmed cases identified, the study was limited to 195 subjects due to DNA fingerprinting data availability. The mean age of the cases was 43.8 years (±22.6) and 120 (61.5%) males. The Dene (First Nations) encompassed 120 of the cases (87.7%), 8 cases (4.1%) were Inuit, 2 cases (1.0%) were Metis, 7 cases (3.6%) were Immigrants and 1 case had unknown ethnicity. One hundred and eighty six (95.4%) subjects were clustered, resulting in 8 clusters. Trend analysis showed significant relationships between with risk factors for unemployment (p=0.020), geographic location (p≤0.001) and homelessness (p≤0.001). Other significant risk factors included excessive alcohol consumption, prior infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prior contact with a case of TB. Conclusions. This study demonstrates how DNA fingerprinting and SNA can be additional epidemiological tools, along with CCT method, to determine transmission patterns of TB. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Circumpolar Health First Nations International Journal of Circumpolar Health inuit Metis Northwest Territories Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Northwest Territories Canada International Journal of Circumpolar Health 72 1 20067 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
tuberculosis transmission RFLP social network analysis aboriginal DNA fingerprinting contact tracing Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
spellingShingle |
tuberculosis transmission RFLP social network analysis aboriginal DNA fingerprinting contact tracing Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Cheryl Case Kami Kandola Linda Chui Vincent Li Nancy Nix Rhonda Johnson Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
topic_facet |
tuberculosis transmission RFLP social network analysis aboriginal DNA fingerprinting contact tracing Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem in the Northwest Territories (NWT), particularly among Canadian Aboriginal people. Objective. To analyse the transmission patterns of tuberculosis among the population living in the NWT, a territorial jurisdiction located within Northern Canada. Methods. This population-based retrospective study examined the DNA fingerprints of all laboratory confirmed cases of TB in the NWT, Canada, between 1990 and 2009. An isolate of each lab-confirmed case had genotyping done using IS6110 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. DNA patterns were assigned to each DNA fingerprint, and indistinguishable fingerprints patterns were assigned a cluster. Social network analysis (SNA) was used to examine direct linkages among cases determined through conventional contact tracing (CCT), their DNA fingerprint and home community. Results. Of the 225 lab-confirmed cases identified, the study was limited to 195 subjects due to DNA fingerprinting data availability. The mean age of the cases was 43.8 years (±22.6) and 120 (61.5%) males. The Dene (First Nations) encompassed 120 of the cases (87.7%), 8 cases (4.1%) were Inuit, 2 cases (1.0%) were Metis, 7 cases (3.6%) were Immigrants and 1 case had unknown ethnicity. One hundred and eighty six (95.4%) subjects were clustered, resulting in 8 clusters. Trend analysis showed significant relationships between with risk factors for unemployment (p=0.020), geographic location (p≤0.001) and homelessness (p≤0.001). Other significant risk factors included excessive alcohol consumption, prior infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and prior contact with a case of TB. Conclusions. This study demonstrates how DNA fingerprinting and SNA can be additional epidemiological tools, along with CCT method, to determine transmission patterns of TB. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cheryl Case Kami Kandola Linda Chui Vincent Li Nancy Nix Rhonda Johnson |
author_facet |
Cheryl Case Kami Kandola Linda Chui Vincent Li Nancy Nix Rhonda Johnson |
author_sort |
Cheryl Case |
title |
Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_short |
Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_full |
Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Examining DNA fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the Northwest Territories, Canada |
title_sort |
examining dna fingerprinting as an epidemiology tool in the tuberculosis program in the northwest territories, canada |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 https://doaj.org/article/f5205acfcb7e4a079eb31b4b81e6e362 |
geographic |
Arctic Northwest Territories Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Northwest Territories Canada |
genre |
Arctic Circumpolar Health First Nations International Journal of Circumpolar Health inuit Metis Northwest Territories |
genre_facet |
Arctic Circumpolar Health First Nations International Journal of Circumpolar Health inuit Metis Northwest Territories |
op_source |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 72, Iss 0, Pp 1-8 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/download/20067/pdf_1 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 2242-3982 https://doaj.org/article/f5205acfcb7e4a079eb31b4b81e6e362 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20067 |
container_title |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
container_volume |
72 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
20067 |
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1766343768653430784 |