Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification
The largest pH decline and widespread undersaturation with respect to aragonite in this century due to uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the Arctic Ocean have been projected. The reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic Ocean have been caused by the melting of sea ice as...
Published in: | Biogeosciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2012
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 https://doaj.org/article/f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b 2023-05-15T14:36:51+02:00 Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification A. Yamamoto M. Kawamiya A. Ishida Y. Yamanaka S. Watanabe 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 https://doaj.org/article/f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/2365/2012/bg-9-2365-2012.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b Biogeosciences, Vol 9, Iss 6, Pp 2365-2375 (2012) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 2022-12-31T10:25:56Z The largest pH decline and widespread undersaturation with respect to aragonite in this century due to uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the Arctic Ocean have been projected. The reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic Ocean have been caused by the melting of sea ice as well as by an increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Therefore, future projections of pH and aragonite saturation in the Arctic Ocean will be affected by how rapidly the reduction in sea ice occurs. The observed recent Arctic sea-ice loss has been more rapid than projected by many of the climate models that contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. In this study, the impact of sea-ice reduction rate on projected pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic surface waters was investigated. Reductions in pH and aragonite saturation were calculated from the outputs of two versions of an Earth system model with different sea-ice reduction rates under similar CO 2 emission scenarios. The newer model version projects that Arctic summer ice-free condition will be achieved by the year 2040, and the older version predicts ice-free condition by 2090. The Arctic surface water was projected to be undersaturated with respect to aragonite in the annual mean when atmospheric CO 2 concentration reaches 513 (606) ppm in year 2046 (2056) in new (old) version. At an atmospheric CO 2 concentration of 520 ppm, the maximum differences in pH and aragonite saturation state between the two versions were 0.1 and 0.21 respectively. The analysis showed that the decreases in pH and aragonite saturation state due to rapid sea-ice reduction were caused by increases in both CO 2 uptake and freshwater input. Thus, the reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic surface waters are significantly affected by the difference in future projections for sea-ice reduction rate. Our results suggest that the future reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state could be ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Biogeosciences 9 6 2365 2375 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 A. Yamamoto M. Kawamiya A. Ishida Y. Yamanaka S. Watanabe Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The largest pH decline and widespread undersaturation with respect to aragonite in this century due to uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the Arctic Ocean have been projected. The reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic Ocean have been caused by the melting of sea ice as well as by an increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Therefore, future projections of pH and aragonite saturation in the Arctic Ocean will be affected by how rapidly the reduction in sea ice occurs. The observed recent Arctic sea-ice loss has been more rapid than projected by many of the climate models that contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. In this study, the impact of sea-ice reduction rate on projected pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic surface waters was investigated. Reductions in pH and aragonite saturation were calculated from the outputs of two versions of an Earth system model with different sea-ice reduction rates under similar CO 2 emission scenarios. The newer model version projects that Arctic summer ice-free condition will be achieved by the year 2040, and the older version predicts ice-free condition by 2090. The Arctic surface water was projected to be undersaturated with respect to aragonite in the annual mean when atmospheric CO 2 concentration reaches 513 (606) ppm in year 2046 (2056) in new (old) version. At an atmospheric CO 2 concentration of 520 ppm, the maximum differences in pH and aragonite saturation state between the two versions were 0.1 and 0.21 respectively. The analysis showed that the decreases in pH and aragonite saturation state due to rapid sea-ice reduction were caused by increases in both CO 2 uptake and freshwater input. Thus, the reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state in the Arctic surface waters are significantly affected by the difference in future projections for sea-ice reduction rate. Our results suggest that the future reductions in pH and aragonite saturation state could be ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. Yamamoto M. Kawamiya A. Ishida Y. Yamanaka S. Watanabe |
author_facet |
A. Yamamoto M. Kawamiya A. Ishida Y. Yamanaka S. Watanabe |
author_sort |
A. Yamamoto |
title |
Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
title_short |
Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
title_full |
Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
title_fullStr |
Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the Arctic Ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
title_sort |
impact of rapid sea-ice reduction in the arctic ocean on the rate of ocean acidification |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 https://doaj.org/article/f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ocean acidification Sea ice |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 9, Iss 6, Pp 2365-2375 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/9/2365/2012/bg-9-2365-2012.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/f4b5e6299fd440cca4fa5a3775ae100b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2365-2012 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2365 |
op_container_end_page |
2375 |
_version_ |
1766309377712586752 |