Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt
Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest-stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radi...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://doaj.org/article/f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d 2023-05-15T18:32:29+02:00 Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt M. Todt N. Rutter C. G. Fletcher L. M. Wake 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://doaj.org/article/f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.the-cryosphere.net/13/3077/2019/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d The Cryosphere, Vol 13, Pp 3077-3091 (2019) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 2022-12-31T13:27:12Z Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest-stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radiation. The correction is subsequently implemented in land-only simulations of the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) in order to assess the impact on snow cover. Nighttime underestimations of sub-canopy longwave radiation outweigh daytime overestimations, which leads to underestimated averages over the snow cover season. As a result, snow temperatures are underestimated and snowmelt is delayed in CLM4.5 across evergreen boreal forests. Comparison with global observations confirms this delay and its reduction by correction of sub-canopy longwave radiation. Increasing insolation and day length change the impact of overestimated diurnal cycles on daily average sub-canopy longwave radiation throughout the snowmelt season. Consequently, delay of snowmelt in land-only simulations is more substantial where snowmelt occurs early. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 13 11 3077 3091 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 M. Todt N. Rutter C. G. Fletcher L. M. Wake Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest-stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radiation. The correction is subsequently implemented in land-only simulations of the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) in order to assess the impact on snow cover. Nighttime underestimations of sub-canopy longwave radiation outweigh daytime overestimations, which leads to underestimated averages over the snow cover season. As a result, snow temperatures are underestimated and snowmelt is delayed in CLM4.5 across evergreen boreal forests. Comparison with global observations confirms this delay and its reduction by correction of sub-canopy longwave radiation. Increasing insolation and day length change the impact of overestimated diurnal cycles on daily average sub-canopy longwave radiation throughout the snowmelt season. Consequently, delay of snowmelt in land-only simulations is more substantial where snowmelt occurs early. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Todt N. Rutter C. G. Fletcher L. M. Wake |
author_facet |
M. Todt N. Rutter C. G. Fletcher L. M. Wake |
author_sort |
M. Todt |
title |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_short |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_full |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_fullStr |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_sort |
simulated single-layer forest canopies delay northern hemisphere snowmelt |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://doaj.org/article/f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 13, Pp 3077-3091 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.the-cryosphere.net/13/3077/2019/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/f45c19f50a384d3c9de26de291a8080d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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13 |
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11 |
container_start_page |
3077 |
op_container_end_page |
3091 |
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1766216594008047616 |