Composition and dynamics of the bacterial communities present in the post-slaughter environment of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and correlations to gelatin degrading activity

• Published in: PeerJ
• Main Authors: Ása Jacobsen, Svein-Ole Mikalsen, Hóraldur Joensen, Jonhard Eysturskarð
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: PeerJ Inc. 2019
• Subjects: Aquaculture; Atlantic salmon; Bacterial communities; Gelatinase activity; Post-slaughter; Medicine; R; Slaughter; Salmo salar
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7040; https://doaj.org/article/f344ff96eb7145e4804df6825063f11c

Background Microbial analyses performed in connection with the post-slaughter environment of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) have mostly focused on specific bacteria that may have negative effects on the health of consumers. However, bacteria may also affect other quality variables. The objective of this study was to provide general knowledge about composition and dynamics of the bacterial communities present at slaughter and cold storage of farmed Atlantic salmon, as well as reveal any possible correlations to gelatinase activity, which may affect fillet quality. Thus, these data may provide a basis for optimization opportunities in the aquaculture industry. Methods Samples were taken from the digestive system harvested from 15 salmon immediately after slaughter. Another 17 salmon were taken from the processing line just before the final cleaning stage; of these eight were distributed in three iced storage boxes while the other nine were rinsed an extra time with industrial water before being distributed into another three storage boxes. In the following 6 days, samples were taken of skin mucus, liquids in the abdominal cavity and the storage ice. The compositions of the bacterial communities were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and gelatinase activity was measured in all samples except the storage ice. Results The bacterial communities in the digestive tract samples were dominated by the family Mycoplasmataceae. The genus Aliivibrio was also relatively abundant. Bacterial communities in the abdominal cavity were generally more diverse than the intestinal samples. However, all of the abdominal samples from storage box no. 3 had a high relative abundance of Mycoplasmataceae, and could not be distinguished from the intestinal samples (Q = 1.27, p = 0.633) while being significantly different from the other abdominal samples (Q = 9.02, p = 0.01). In addition, the abdominal samples from storage box no. 3 had a significantly higher gelatin degrading activity (Q = 9.43, p = 0.001) than those from the ...