Fungal Diversity Profiles in Pit Mud Samples from Chinese Strong-Flavour Liquor Pit

• Published in: Foods
• Main Authors: Shunchang Pu, Shoubao Yan
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2022
• Subjects: fungal community; pit mud; volatile flavor compounds; fermentation; Chemical technology; TP1-1185; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11223544; https://doaj.org/article/f192bd7ea1d34a8b9a21c05305b61be1

Pit mud, a specific fermented soil, is an essential material for the fermentation of Chinese strong-flavour liquor. However, few studies to date have sought to characterize the spatial profiles of pit mud fungal communities in fermentation cellars from Chinese strong-flavour liquor distilleries. In this analysis, differences in fungal community structures and physicochemical properties in pit mud samples from different spatial positions within fermentation cellars were analyzed, revealing unique characteristic multidimensional pit mud fungal community profiles. Penicillium roqueforti , Pichia kudriavzevii , Aotearoamyces nothofagi , Penicillium robsamsonii , Alternaria arborescens , Trichosporon insectorum , Seltsamia ulmi , Trichosporon coremiiforme , Malassezia restricta were dominant in the pit mud samples form the upper cellar wall, whereas Metarhizium frigidum , Calonectria pseudoreteaudii , Penicillium clavigerum , Fusarium equiseti , Simplicillium chinense , Aspergillus intermedius , Trichosporon coremiiforme , Fusarium circinatum , Alternaria radicina , Aspergillus heterocaryoticus were predominant in the middle cellar wall. Alternaria radicina , Cladosporium chasmanthicola , Alternaria helianthiinficiens , Penicillium argentinense , Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus , and Trichosporon inkin are majorly present in the down cellar wall layer. Bipolaris axonopicola , Ramgea ozimecii , Penicillium argentinense , Calonectria queenslandica , Metarhizium robertsii , and Penicillium roqueforti were identified as the dominant fungi in pit mud samples from the cellar bottom. Additionally, Alternaria destruens and Alternaria doliconidium are present at notably high levels in all layers of pit mud samples. Moisture, pH, PO 4 3− , acetic acid, humus, K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , butyric acid, and caproic acid levels in these different pit mud positions exhibited a rising incremental pattern from the upper wall layer to the bottom layer, whereas lactic acid levels were significantly lower in the bottom pit mud layer relative ...