Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017
Wet deposition to Sweden has been measured on a monthly basis since 1955. Data from all national and international precipitation chemistry networks operating in Sweden during 1955–2017 was collected in one unique database. During 1990–2000, 146 sites were operated on average and the spatial distribu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:efc9ceeec06e4e3994cbeaa91c1ab1c2 2023-05-15T17:44:46+02:00 Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 M. Ferm L. Granat M. Engardt G. Pihl Karlsson H. Danielsson P.E. Karlsson K. Hansen 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 https://doaj.org/article/efc9ceeec06e4e3994cbeaa91c1ab1c2 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590162119300188 https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1621 2590-1621 doi:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 https://doaj.org/article/efc9ceeec06e4e3994cbeaa91c1ab1c2 Atmospheric Environment: X, Vol 2, Iss , Pp - (2019) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 2022-12-31T12:41:21Z Wet deposition to Sweden has been measured on a monthly basis since 1955. Data from all national and international precipitation chemistry networks operating in Sweden during 1955–2017 was collected in one unique database. During 1990–2000, 146 sites were operated on average and the spatial distribution of deposition across Sweden was determined. The measurement sites were divided into three regions representing southwestern, southeastern and northern Sweden. The three regions clearly differ in deposition amount while the temporal variations were similar between the regions. Non-sea-salt sulphate (nss-SO42-) wet deposition reached a maximum around 1970 and ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) in the mid-1980s. There was a reasonable agreement between the decreasing wet deposition trends of NH4+ and nss-SO42-, during 1990–2016 and the estimated decrease in the emissions in Sweden and Europe. The decreasing wet deposition trend of NO3− was, however, weaker than the corresponding estimated reduction in emissions of NOx. The wet depositions of NH4+ and NO3− were similar in magnitude during the whole measurement period and distributed in a similar manner between the three regions despite that these pollutants are transported over long distances and that the sources and atmospheric chemistry for NHx and NOx are different. Keywords: Precipitation chemistry, Long-term time trends, Spatial distribution, Inter-annual variations, Ammonium, Nitrate, Non-sea-salt sulphate Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Sweden Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Atmospheric Environment: X 2 100015 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
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Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 M. Ferm L. Granat M. Engardt G. Pihl Karlsson H. Danielsson P.E. Karlsson K. Hansen Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
topic_facet |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
Wet deposition to Sweden has been measured on a monthly basis since 1955. Data from all national and international precipitation chemistry networks operating in Sweden during 1955–2017 was collected in one unique database. During 1990–2000, 146 sites were operated on average and the spatial distribution of deposition across Sweden was determined. The measurement sites were divided into three regions representing southwestern, southeastern and northern Sweden. The three regions clearly differ in deposition amount while the temporal variations were similar between the regions. Non-sea-salt sulphate (nss-SO42-) wet deposition reached a maximum around 1970 and ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) in the mid-1980s. There was a reasonable agreement between the decreasing wet deposition trends of NH4+ and nss-SO42-, during 1990–2016 and the estimated decrease in the emissions in Sweden and Europe. The decreasing wet deposition trend of NO3− was, however, weaker than the corresponding estimated reduction in emissions of NOx. The wet depositions of NH4+ and NO3− were similar in magnitude during the whole measurement period and distributed in a similar manner between the three regions despite that these pollutants are transported over long distances and that the sources and atmospheric chemistry for NHx and NOx are different. Keywords: Precipitation chemistry, Long-term time trends, Spatial distribution, Inter-annual variations, Ammonium, Nitrate, Non-sea-salt sulphate |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Ferm L. Granat M. Engardt G. Pihl Karlsson H. Danielsson P.E. Karlsson K. Hansen |
author_facet |
M. Ferm L. Granat M. Engardt G. Pihl Karlsson H. Danielsson P.E. Karlsson K. Hansen |
author_sort |
M. Ferm |
title |
Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
title_short |
Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
title_full |
Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
title_fullStr |
Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in Sweden 1955 through 2017 |
title_sort |
wet deposition of ammonium, nitrate and non-sea-salt sulphate in sweden 1955 through 2017 |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 https://doaj.org/article/efc9ceeec06e4e3994cbeaa91c1ab1c2 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_source |
Atmospheric Environment: X, Vol 2, Iss , Pp - (2019) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590162119300188 https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1621 2590-1621 doi:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 https://doaj.org/article/efc9ceeec06e4e3994cbeaa91c1ab1c2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100015 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Environment: X |
container_volume |
2 |
container_start_page |
100015 |
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1766147052537905152 |