Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
The relationship between Southern Hemisphere middle and high-latitude regions has made it possible to generate observationally-based Antarctic pressure reconstructions throughout the 20th century, even though routinely collected observations for this continent only began around 1957. While nearly al...
Published in: | Geosciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100413 https://doaj.org/article/efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad 2023-05-15T13:44:19+02:00 Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation Logan Clark Ryan Fogt 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100413 https://doaj.org/article/efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/9/10/413 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263 2076-3263 doi:10.3390/geosciences9100413 https://doaj.org/article/efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad Geosciences, Vol 9, Iss 10, p 413 (2019) Antarctica southern hemisphere pressure variability model evaluation climate change Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100413 2022-12-31T00:17:03Z The relationship between Southern Hemisphere middle and high-latitude regions has made it possible to generate observationally-based Antarctic pressure reconstructions throughout the 20th century, even though routinely collected observations for this continent only began around 1957. While nearly all reconstructions inherently assume stability in these relationships through time and in the absence of direct observations, this stationarity constraint can be fully tested in a model setting. Seasonal pressure reconstructions based on the principal component regression (PCR) method spanning 1905−2013 are done entirely within the framework of the Community Atmospheric version 5 (CAM5) model in this study in order to evaluate this assumption, test the robustness of the PCR procedure for Antarctic pressure reconstructions and to evaluate the CAM5 model. Notably, the CAM5 reconstructions outperformed the observationally-based reconstruction in every season except the austral summer. Other tests indicate that relationships between Antarctic pressure and pressure across the Southern Hemisphere remain stable throughout the 20th century in CAM5. In contrast, 20th century reanalyses all display marked changes in mid-to-high latitude pressure relationships in the early 20th century. Overall, comparisons indicate both the CAM5 model and the pressure reconstructions evaluated here are reliable estimates of Antarctic pressure throughout the 20th century, with the largest differences between the two resulting from differences in the underlying reconstruction predictor networks and not from changes in the model experiments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Austral Geosciences 9 10 413 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctica southern hemisphere pressure variability model evaluation climate change Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica southern hemisphere pressure variability model evaluation climate change Geology QE1-996.5 Logan Clark Ryan Fogt Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
topic_facet |
Antarctica southern hemisphere pressure variability model evaluation climate change Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The relationship between Southern Hemisphere middle and high-latitude regions has made it possible to generate observationally-based Antarctic pressure reconstructions throughout the 20th century, even though routinely collected observations for this continent only began around 1957. While nearly all reconstructions inherently assume stability in these relationships through time and in the absence of direct observations, this stationarity constraint can be fully tested in a model setting. Seasonal pressure reconstructions based on the principal component regression (PCR) method spanning 1905−2013 are done entirely within the framework of the Community Atmospheric version 5 (CAM5) model in this study in order to evaluate this assumption, test the robustness of the PCR procedure for Antarctic pressure reconstructions and to evaluate the CAM5 model. Notably, the CAM5 reconstructions outperformed the observationally-based reconstruction in every season except the austral summer. Other tests indicate that relationships between Antarctic pressure and pressure across the Southern Hemisphere remain stable throughout the 20th century in CAM5. In contrast, 20th century reanalyses all display marked changes in mid-to-high latitude pressure relationships in the early 20th century. Overall, comparisons indicate both the CAM5 model and the pressure reconstructions evaluated here are reliable estimates of Antarctic pressure throughout the 20th century, with the largest differences between the two resulting from differences in the underlying reconstruction predictor networks and not from changes in the model experiments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Logan Clark Ryan Fogt |
author_facet |
Logan Clark Ryan Fogt |
author_sort |
Logan Clark |
title |
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
title_short |
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
title_full |
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
title_fullStr |
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century—Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation |
title_sort |
southern hemisphere pressure relationships during the 20th century—implications for climate reconstructions and model evaluation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100413 https://doaj.org/article/efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Geosciences, Vol 9, Iss 10, p 413 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/9/10/413 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263 2076-3263 doi:10.3390/geosciences9100413 https://doaj.org/article/efbf655423e84cddae81db09c39158ad |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100413 |
container_title |
Geosciences |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
413 |
_version_ |
1766200150787620864 |