Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ef9b47a221fb41b8936011b37b7ec6dd 2023-05-15T15:13:56+02:00 Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard T. R. Vonnahme M. Devetter J. D. Žárský M. Šabacká J. Elster 2016-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://doaj.org/article/ef9b47a221fb41b8936011b37b7ec6dd EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://doaj.org/article/ef9b47a221fb41b8936011b37b7ec6dd Biogeosciences, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp 659-674 (2016) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 2022-12-31T14:48:34Z Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N : P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. We propose that, for the studied glaciers, nutrient levels related to recycling of limiting nutrients are the main factor driving ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic glacier Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Svalbard Biogeosciences 13 3 659 674 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 T. R. Vonnahme M. Devetter J. D. Žárský M. Šabacká J. Elster Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N : P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. We propose that, for the studied glaciers, nutrient levels related to recycling of limiting nutrients are the main factor driving ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. R. Vonnahme M. Devetter J. D. Žárský M. Šabacká J. Elster |
author_facet |
T. R. Vonnahme M. Devetter J. D. Žárský M. Šabacká J. Elster |
author_sort |
T. R. Vonnahme |
title |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_short |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_full |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard |
title_sort |
controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-arctic glaciers, svalbard |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://doaj.org/article/ef9b47a221fb41b8936011b37b7ec6dd |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) |
geographic |
Arctic Guano Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Guano Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic glacier Svalbard |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp 659-674 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://doaj.org/article/ef9b47a221fb41b8936011b37b7ec6dd |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
659 |
op_container_end_page |
674 |
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1766344437454077952 |