Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities
The genus Gnidia, with species close to 152, is traditionally used to treat wide ranges of ailments in humans and animals. Gnidia involucrata is one of the species found in Ethiopia and traditionally used as a laxative, antirheumatic agent, insecticide, antibacterial agent, and antimalarial agent. I...
Published in: | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/article/ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab 2023-05-15T15:16:28+02:00 Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities Abera Kalbessa Aman Dekebo Hailemichael Tesso Teshome Abdo Negera Abdissa Yadessa Melaku 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/article/ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab EN eng Hindawi Limited http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9686 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9694 1687-9686 1687-9694 doi:10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/article/ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 2019 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 2022-12-31T14:31:01Z The genus Gnidia, with species close to 152, is traditionally used to treat wide ranges of ailments in humans and animals. Gnidia involucrata is one of the species found in Ethiopia and traditionally used as a laxative, antirheumatic agent, insecticide, antibacterial agent, and antimalarial agent. In view of its traditional use, the root bark was sequentially extracted with n-hexane, EtOAc, and MeOH to afford 0.78%, 4%, and 6% crude extracts, respectively. The chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extract using silica gel column chromatography yielded three pure compounds: tetratriacontanyl caffeate (1), 12-O-dodeca-2,4-dienoylphorbol-13-acetate (2), and naringenin (3). This is the first report of the isolation of 1 and its kind from the genus and most probably from the Thymelaeaceae family. The structures of these compounds were characterized and identified by NMR and mass spectrometric analyses and comparison with literature data. The EtOAc extract and isolated compounds were assessed for their in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The EtOAc extract (1.5 mg/mL) showed significant inhibitory activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumonia bacterial strains with the highest inhibition zone observed against S. aureus (23 mm), which is even greater than that of the reference drug ciprofloxacin (22 mm). However, the inhibition displayed on these bacterial strains for the three pure compounds was marginal with variable degrees of potency between the compounds. The better activity of the crude extract could be due to the synergistic interactions of several phytochemicals present in the extract, which cannot be the case when pure compounds are evaluated alone. The antioxidant activities of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated using DPPH and ferric thiocyanate methods. The EtOAc and MeOH extracts and compounds 1 and 2 were found to inhibit the DPPH radical by 70.7, 66.9, 85.8, and 52.8%, respectively. The EtOAc extract and compound 1 inhibited peroxidation of lipids by ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019 1 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Abera Kalbessa Aman Dekebo Hailemichael Tesso Teshome Abdo Negera Abdissa Yadessa Melaku Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
The genus Gnidia, with species close to 152, is traditionally used to treat wide ranges of ailments in humans and animals. Gnidia involucrata is one of the species found in Ethiopia and traditionally used as a laxative, antirheumatic agent, insecticide, antibacterial agent, and antimalarial agent. In view of its traditional use, the root bark was sequentially extracted with n-hexane, EtOAc, and MeOH to afford 0.78%, 4%, and 6% crude extracts, respectively. The chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extract using silica gel column chromatography yielded three pure compounds: tetratriacontanyl caffeate (1), 12-O-dodeca-2,4-dienoylphorbol-13-acetate (2), and naringenin (3). This is the first report of the isolation of 1 and its kind from the genus and most probably from the Thymelaeaceae family. The structures of these compounds were characterized and identified by NMR and mass spectrometric analyses and comparison with literature data. The EtOAc extract and isolated compounds were assessed for their in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The EtOAc extract (1.5 mg/mL) showed significant inhibitory activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumonia bacterial strains with the highest inhibition zone observed against S. aureus (23 mm), which is even greater than that of the reference drug ciprofloxacin (22 mm). However, the inhibition displayed on these bacterial strains for the three pure compounds was marginal with variable degrees of potency between the compounds. The better activity of the crude extract could be due to the synergistic interactions of several phytochemicals present in the extract, which cannot be the case when pure compounds are evaluated alone. The antioxidant activities of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated using DPPH and ferric thiocyanate methods. The EtOAc and MeOH extracts and compounds 1 and 2 were found to inhibit the DPPH radical by 70.7, 66.9, 85.8, and 52.8%, respectively. The EtOAc extract and compound 1 inhibited peroxidation of lipids by ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Abera Kalbessa Aman Dekebo Hailemichael Tesso Teshome Abdo Negera Abdissa Yadessa Melaku |
author_facet |
Abera Kalbessa Aman Dekebo Hailemichael Tesso Teshome Abdo Negera Abdissa Yadessa Melaku |
author_sort |
Abera Kalbessa |
title |
Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
title_short |
Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
title_full |
Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Constituents of Root Barks of Gnidia involucrata and Evaluation for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities |
title_sort |
chemical constituents of root barks of gnidia involucrata and evaluation for antibacterial and antioxidant activities |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/article/ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol 2019 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9686 https://doaj.org/toc/1687-9694 1687-9686 1687-9694 doi:10.1155/2019/8486214 https://doaj.org/article/ef169aee83a0452a8638e6d257ba2aab |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486214 |
container_title |
Journal of Tropical Medicine |
container_volume |
2019 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
8 |
_version_ |
1766346758553600000 |