Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean
During the third China Arctic Research Expedition (July–September 2008), size-resolved measurements of bacteria-containing particles (BCPs) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) air were conducted during a cruise through the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Japan Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Bering Sea...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ee9da5c27e1a4e6da55c3fe77ce91e1c 2023-05-15T14:43:16+02:00 Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean Ming Li Xiawei Yu Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Pengfei Zhang 2017-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8050082 https://doaj.org/article/ee9da5c27e1a4e6da55c3fe77ce91e1c EN eng MDPI AG http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/8/5/82 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos8050082 https://doaj.org/article/ee9da5c27e1a4e6da55c3fe77ce91e1c Atmosphere, Vol 8, Iss 5, p 82 (2017) airborne bacteria abundance size distribution marine boundary layer the Arctic Ocean sea ice Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8050082 2022-12-31T13:15:35Z During the third China Arctic Research Expedition (July–September 2008), size-resolved measurements of bacteria-containing particles (BCPs) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) air were conducted during a cruise through the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Japan Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and the Arctic Ocean. The concentrations of total airborne BCPs (TBCPs), non-salt tolerant airborne BCPs (NSBCPs), and salt tolerant airborne BCPs (SBCPs) varied from 29 to 955 CFU m−3 (CFU = Colony Forming Unit), 16 to 919 CFU m−3, and 4 to 276 CFU m−3, with an average value of 275, 182, and 92 CFU m−3, respectively. Although the SBCP concentrations were less than the NSBCP concentrations when averaged over all measurements, there are several cases where the reverse is true (e.g., in the high Arctic Ocean). During the cruise, the TBCP sizes were dominated by the diameter >4.7 μm fraction (accounted for 46.3% on average), while the fine fraction (diameter <2.1 μm) accounted for 27.8%. For NSBCPs and SBCPs, the coarse fraction also was the dominant fraction over most regions. The influence of local meteorological conditions on the abundance, size distributions, and species of airborne bacteria is discussed. Notably, in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean the abundance of airborne bacteria was apparently related to the distribution of sea ice. As cultivation based methodologies may underestimate the environmental bacterial communities, it is expected that the abundance of bacteria in the ambient air would be higher than that observed in this study. In order to distinguish different species of bacteria, molecular biological techniques (e.g., 16S rDNA analysis) are required for identification in future investigations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea okhotsk sea Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Okhotsk Chukchi Sea Atmosphere 8 12 82 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
airborne bacteria abundance size distribution marine boundary layer the Arctic Ocean sea ice Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
airborne bacteria abundance size distribution marine boundary layer the Arctic Ocean sea ice Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Ming Li Xiawei Yu Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Pengfei Zhang Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
airborne bacteria abundance size distribution marine boundary layer the Arctic Ocean sea ice Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
During the third China Arctic Research Expedition (July–September 2008), size-resolved measurements of bacteria-containing particles (BCPs) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) air were conducted during a cruise through the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Japan Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and the Arctic Ocean. The concentrations of total airborne BCPs (TBCPs), non-salt tolerant airborne BCPs (NSBCPs), and salt tolerant airborne BCPs (SBCPs) varied from 29 to 955 CFU m−3 (CFU = Colony Forming Unit), 16 to 919 CFU m−3, and 4 to 276 CFU m−3, with an average value of 275, 182, and 92 CFU m−3, respectively. Although the SBCP concentrations were less than the NSBCP concentrations when averaged over all measurements, there are several cases where the reverse is true (e.g., in the high Arctic Ocean). During the cruise, the TBCP sizes were dominated by the diameter >4.7 μm fraction (accounted for 46.3% on average), while the fine fraction (diameter <2.1 μm) accounted for 27.8%. For NSBCPs and SBCPs, the coarse fraction also was the dominant fraction over most regions. The influence of local meteorological conditions on the abundance, size distributions, and species of airborne bacteria is discussed. Notably, in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean the abundance of airborne bacteria was apparently related to the distribution of sea ice. As cultivation based methodologies may underestimate the environmental bacterial communities, it is expected that the abundance of bacteria in the ambient air would be higher than that observed in this study. In order to distinguish different species of bacteria, molecular biological techniques (e.g., 16S rDNA analysis) are required for identification in future investigations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ming Li Xiawei Yu Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Pengfei Zhang |
author_facet |
Ming Li Xiawei Yu Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Pengfei Zhang |
author_sort |
Ming Li |
title |
Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Concentrations and Size Distributions of Bacteria-Containing Particles over Oceans from China to the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
concentrations and size distributions of bacteria-containing particles over oceans from china to the arctic ocean |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8050082 https://doaj.org/article/ee9da5c27e1a4e6da55c3fe77ce91e1c |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Okhotsk Chukchi Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Okhotsk Chukchi Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea okhotsk sea Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Sea Chukchi Chukchi Sea okhotsk sea Sea ice |
op_source |
Atmosphere, Vol 8, Iss 5, p 82 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/8/5/82 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos8050082 https://doaj.org/article/ee9da5c27e1a4e6da55c3fe77ce91e1c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8050082 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
82 |
_version_ |
1766314949678727168 |