Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure
Efforts are underway in Canada to set aside terrestrial lands for conservation, thereby protecting them from anthropogenic pressures. Here we produce the first Canadian human footprint map by combining 12 different anthropogenic pressures and identifying intact and modified lands and ecosystems acro...
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2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 https://doaj.org/article/ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b 2023-05-15T15:08:06+02:00 Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure Kristen Hirsh-Pearson Chris J. Johnson Richard Schuster Roger D. Wheate Oscar Venter 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 https://doaj.org/article/ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b EN eng Canadian Science Publishing https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 https://doaj.org/toc/2371-1671 doi:10.1139/facets-2021-0063 2371-1671 https://doaj.org/article/ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b FACETS, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 398-419 (2022) Anthropogenic disturbance human footprint cumulative effects pressure mapping multiple pressures threats Education L Science Q article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 2022-12-31T03:38:53Z Efforts are underway in Canada to set aside terrestrial lands for conservation, thereby protecting them from anthropogenic pressures. Here we produce the first Canadian human footprint map by combining 12 different anthropogenic pressures and identifying intact and modified lands and ecosystems across the country. Our results showed strong spatial variation in pressures across the country, with just 18% of Canada experiencing measurable human pressure. However, some ecosystems are experiencing very high pressure, such as the Great Lakes Plains and Prairies national ecological areas that have over 75% and 56% of their areas, respectively, with a high human footprint. In contrast, the Arctic and Northern Mountains have less than 0.02% and 0.2%, respectively, of their extent under high human footprint. A validation of the final map, using random statistical sampling, resulted in a Cohen Kappa statistic of 0.91, signifying an “almost perfect” agreement between the human footprint and the validation data set. By increasing the number and accuracy of mapped pressures, our map demonstrates much more widespread pressures in Canada than were indicated by previous global mapping efforts, demonstrating the value in specific national data applications. Ecological areas with immense anthropogenic pressure highlight challenges that may arise when planning for ecologically representative protected areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Canada FACETS 7 398 419 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Anthropogenic disturbance human footprint cumulative effects pressure mapping multiple pressures threats Education L Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Anthropogenic disturbance human footprint cumulative effects pressure mapping multiple pressures threats Education L Science Q Kristen Hirsh-Pearson Chris J. Johnson Richard Schuster Roger D. Wheate Oscar Venter Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
topic_facet |
Anthropogenic disturbance human footprint cumulative effects pressure mapping multiple pressures threats Education L Science Q |
description |
Efforts are underway in Canada to set aside terrestrial lands for conservation, thereby protecting them from anthropogenic pressures. Here we produce the first Canadian human footprint map by combining 12 different anthropogenic pressures and identifying intact and modified lands and ecosystems across the country. Our results showed strong spatial variation in pressures across the country, with just 18% of Canada experiencing measurable human pressure. However, some ecosystems are experiencing very high pressure, such as the Great Lakes Plains and Prairies national ecological areas that have over 75% and 56% of their areas, respectively, with a high human footprint. In contrast, the Arctic and Northern Mountains have less than 0.02% and 0.2%, respectively, of their extent under high human footprint. A validation of the final map, using random statistical sampling, resulted in a Cohen Kappa statistic of 0.91, signifying an “almost perfect” agreement between the human footprint and the validation data set. By increasing the number and accuracy of mapped pressures, our map demonstrates much more widespread pressures in Canada than were indicated by previous global mapping efforts, demonstrating the value in specific national data applications. Ecological areas with immense anthropogenic pressure highlight challenges that may arise when planning for ecologically representative protected areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kristen Hirsh-Pearson Chris J. Johnson Richard Schuster Roger D. Wheate Oscar Venter |
author_facet |
Kristen Hirsh-Pearson Chris J. Johnson Richard Schuster Roger D. Wheate Oscar Venter |
author_sort |
Kristen Hirsh-Pearson |
title |
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
title_short |
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
title_full |
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
title_fullStr |
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
title_sort |
canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 https://doaj.org/article/ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b |
geographic |
Arctic Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
FACETS, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 398-419 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 https://doaj.org/toc/2371-1671 doi:10.1139/facets-2021-0063 2371-1671 https://doaj.org/article/ed8ecfbea868441194e39a27c04a540b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0063 |
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FACETS |
container_volume |
7 |
container_start_page |
398 |
op_container_end_page |
419 |
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1766339523738861568 |