Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison
The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric p CO 2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage aroun...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ed2b7c78db934e2697677afe3f5c5846 2023-05-15T13:35:16+02:00 Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison A. T. Kennedy-Asser D. J. Lunt P. J. Valdes J.-B. Ladant J. Frieling V. Lauretano 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 https://doaj.org/article/ed2b7c78db934e2697677afe3f5c5846 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.clim-past.net/16/555/2020/cp-16-555-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/ed2b7c78db934e2697677afe3f5c5846 Climate of the Past, Vol 16, Pp 555-573 (2020) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 2022-12-30T23:06:07Z The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric p CO 2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. To better understand the Southern Hemisphere regional climatic changes and the impact of glaciation on the Earth's oceans and atmosphere at the EOT, we compiled a database of 10 ocean and 4 land-surface temperature reconstructions from a range of proxy records and compared this with a series of fully coupled, low-resolution climate model simulations from two models (HadCM3BL and FOAM). Regional patterns in the proxy records of temperature show that cooling across the EOT was less at high latitudes and greater at mid-latitudes. While certain climate model simulations show moderate–good performance at recreating the temperature patterns shown in the data before and after the EOT, in general the model simulations do not capture the absolute latitudinal temperature gradient shown by the data, being too cold, particularly at high latitudes. When taking into account the absolute temperature before and after the EOT, as well as the change in temperature across it, simulations with a closed Drake Passage before and after the EOT or with an opening of the Drake Passage across the EOT perform poorly, whereas simulations with a drop in atmospheric p CO 2 in combination with ice growth generally perform better. This provides further support for previous research that changes in atmospheric p CO 2 are more likely to have been the driver of the EOT climatic changes, as opposed to the opening of the Drake Passage. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic Climate of the Past 16 2 555 573 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 A. T. Kennedy-Asser D. J. Lunt P. J. Valdes J.-B. Ladant J. Frieling V. Lauretano Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
topic_facet |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric p CO 2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. To better understand the Southern Hemisphere regional climatic changes and the impact of glaciation on the Earth's oceans and atmosphere at the EOT, we compiled a database of 10 ocean and 4 land-surface temperature reconstructions from a range of proxy records and compared this with a series of fully coupled, low-resolution climate model simulations from two models (HadCM3BL and FOAM). Regional patterns in the proxy records of temperature show that cooling across the EOT was less at high latitudes and greater at mid-latitudes. While certain climate model simulations show moderate–good performance at recreating the temperature patterns shown in the data before and after the EOT, in general the model simulations do not capture the absolute latitudinal temperature gradient shown by the data, being too cold, particularly at high latitudes. When taking into account the absolute temperature before and after the EOT, as well as the change in temperature across it, simulations with a closed Drake Passage before and after the EOT or with an opening of the Drake Passage across the EOT perform poorly, whereas simulations with a drop in atmospheric p CO 2 in combination with ice growth generally perform better. This provides further support for previous research that changes in atmospheric p CO 2 are more likely to have been the driver of the EOT climatic changes, as opposed to the opening of the Drake Passage. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. T. Kennedy-Asser D. J. Lunt P. J. Valdes J.-B. Ladant J. Frieling V. Lauretano |
author_facet |
A. T. Kennedy-Asser D. J. Lunt P. J. Valdes J.-B. Ladant J. Frieling V. Lauretano |
author_sort |
A. T. Kennedy-Asser |
title |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_short |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_full |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_fullStr |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_sort |
changes in the high-latitude southern hemisphere through the eocene–oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 https://doaj.org/article/ed2b7c78db934e2697677afe3f5c5846 |
geographic |
Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 16, Pp 555-573 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.clim-past.net/16/555/2020/cp-16-555-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/ed2b7c78db934e2697677afe3f5c5846 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
555 |
op_container_end_page |
573 |
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1766063629046644736 |