An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Quantifying the extent and distribution of supraglacial hydrology, i.e. lakes and streams, is important for understanding the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet and its consequent contribution to global sea-level rise. The existence of meltwater on the ice surface has the potential to affect ic...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ed12fc55e94d4b009896320bc90829d2 2023-05-15T14:01:46+02:00 An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet D. Corr A. Leeson M. McMillan C. Zhang T. Barnes 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 https://doaj.org/article/ed12fc55e94d4b009896320bc90829d2 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/209/2022/essd-14-209-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1866-3508 https://doaj.org/toc/1866-3516 doi:10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 1866-3508 1866-3516 https://doaj.org/article/ed12fc55e94d4b009896320bc90829d2 Earth System Science Data, Vol 14, Pp 209-228 (2022) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 2022-12-31T10:52:24Z Quantifying the extent and distribution of supraglacial hydrology, i.e. lakes and streams, is important for understanding the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet and its consequent contribution to global sea-level rise. The existence of meltwater on the ice surface has the potential to affect ice shelf stability and grounded ice flow through hydrofracturing and the associated delivery of meltwater to the bed. In this study, we systematically map all observable supraglacial lakes and streams in West Antarctica by applying a semi-automated Dual-NDWI (normalised difference water index) approach to >2000 images acquired by the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites during January 2017. We use a K-means clustering method to partition water into lakes and streams, which is important for understanding the dynamics and inter-connectivity of the hydrological system. When compared to a manually delineated reference dataset on three Antarctic test sites, our approach achieves average values for sensitivity (85.3 % and 77.6 % ), specificity (99.1 % and 99.7 % ) and accuracy (98.7 % and 98.3 % ) for Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 acquisitions, respectively. We identified 10 478 supraglacial features (10 223 lakes and 255 channels) on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and Antarctic Peninsula (AP), with a combined area of 119.4 km 2 (114.7 km 2 lakes, 4.7 km 2 channels). We found 27.3 % of feature area on grounded ice and 54.9 % on floating ice shelves. In total, 17.8 % of feature area crossed the grounding line. A recent expansion in satellite data provision made new continental-scale inventories such as these, the first produced for WAIS and AP, possible. The inventories provide a baseline for future studies and a benchmark to monitor the development of Antarctica's surface hydrology in a warming world and thus enhance our capability to predict the collapse of ice shelves in the future. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642755 ( Corr et al. , 2021 ) . Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic The Sentinel ENVELOPE(73.317,73.317,-52.983,-52.983) West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica Earth System Science Data 14 1 209 228 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 D. Corr A. Leeson M. McMillan C. Zhang T. Barnes An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Quantifying the extent and distribution of supraglacial hydrology, i.e. lakes and streams, is important for understanding the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet and its consequent contribution to global sea-level rise. The existence of meltwater on the ice surface has the potential to affect ice shelf stability and grounded ice flow through hydrofracturing and the associated delivery of meltwater to the bed. In this study, we systematically map all observable supraglacial lakes and streams in West Antarctica by applying a semi-automated Dual-NDWI (normalised difference water index) approach to >2000 images acquired by the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites during January 2017. We use a K-means clustering method to partition water into lakes and streams, which is important for understanding the dynamics and inter-connectivity of the hydrological system. When compared to a manually delineated reference dataset on three Antarctic test sites, our approach achieves average values for sensitivity (85.3 % and 77.6 % ), specificity (99.1 % and 99.7 % ) and accuracy (98.7 % and 98.3 % ) for Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 acquisitions, respectively. We identified 10 478 supraglacial features (10 223 lakes and 255 channels) on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and Antarctic Peninsula (AP), with a combined area of 119.4 km 2 (114.7 km 2 lakes, 4.7 km 2 channels). We found 27.3 % of feature area on grounded ice and 54.9 % on floating ice shelves. In total, 17.8 % of feature area crossed the grounding line. A recent expansion in satellite data provision made new continental-scale inventories such as these, the first produced for WAIS and AP, possible. The inventories provide a baseline for future studies and a benchmark to monitor the development of Antarctica's surface hydrology in a warming world and thus enhance our capability to predict the collapse of ice shelves in the future. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5642755 ( Corr et al. , 2021 ) . |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
D. Corr A. Leeson M. McMillan C. Zhang T. Barnes |
author_facet |
D. Corr A. Leeson M. McMillan C. Zhang T. Barnes |
author_sort |
D. Corr |
title |
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
title_short |
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
title_full |
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
title_fullStr |
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
title_full_unstemmed |
An inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet |
title_sort |
inventory of supraglacial lakes and channels across the west antarctic ice sheet |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 https://doaj.org/article/ed12fc55e94d4b009896320bc90829d2 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(73.317,73.317,-52.983,-52.983) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic The Sentinel West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic The Sentinel West Antarctic Ice Sheet West Antarctica |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves West Antarctica |
op_source |
Earth System Science Data, Vol 14, Pp 209-228 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/209/2022/essd-14-209-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1866-3508 https://doaj.org/toc/1866-3516 doi:10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 1866-3508 1866-3516 https://doaj.org/article/ed12fc55e94d4b009896320bc90829d2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-209-2022 |
container_title |
Earth System Science Data |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
209 |
op_container_end_page |
228 |
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1766271799753965568 |