Integrative analysis associates monocytes with insufficient erythropoiesis during acute Plasmodium cynomolgi malaria in rhesus macaques

• Published in: Malaria Journal
• Main Authors: Yan Tang, Chester J. Joyner, Monica Cabrera-Mora, Celia L. Saney, Stacey A. Lapp, Mustafa V. Nural, Suman B. Pakala, Jeremy D. DeBarry, Stephanie Soderberg, the MaHPIC Consortium, Jessica C. Kissinger, Tracey J. Lamb, Mary R. Galinski, Mark P. Styczynski
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2017
• Subjects: Plasmodium cynomolgi; GATA1; Nonhuman primates; Relapse; Plasmodium vivax; Bone marrow; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-2029-z; https://doaj.org/article/ebd3d91dc30544f787f3ee9fc2b67da0

Abstract Background Mild to severe anaemia is a common complication of malaria that is caused in part by insufficient erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. This study used systems biology to evaluate the transcriptional and alterations in cell populations in the bone marrow during Plasmodium cynomolgi infection of rhesus macaques (a model of Plasmodium vivax malaria) that may affect erythropoiesis. Results An appropriate erythropoietic response did not occur to compensate for anaemia during acute cynomolgi malaria despite an increase in erythropoietin levels. During this period, there were significant perturbations in the bone marrow transcriptome. In contrast, relapses did not induce anaemia and minimal changes in the bone marrow transcriptome were detected. The differentially expressed genes during acute infection were primarily related to ongoing inflammatory responses with significant contributions from Type I and Type II Interferon transcriptional signatures. These were associated with increased frequency of intermediate and non-classical monocytes. Recruitment and/or expansion of these populations was correlated with a decrease in the erythroid progenitor population during acute infection, suggesting that monocyte-associated inflammation may have contributed to anaemia. The decrease in erythroid progenitors was associated with downregulation of genes regulated by GATA1 and GATA2, two master regulators of erythropoiesis, providing a potential molecular basis for these findings. Conclusions These data suggest the possibility that malarial anaemia may be driven by monocyte-associated disruption of GATA1/GATA2 function in erythroid progenitors resulting in insufficient erythropoiesis during acute infection.