Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada?
Abstract Background In changing northern ecosystems, understanding the mechanisms of transmission of zoonotic pathogens, including the coccidian parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is essential to protect the health of vulnerable animals and humans. As high-level predators and scavengers, foxes represent a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:eba70c0bfcd24a56a775a169c38f06e0 2023-05-15T15:02:12+02:00 Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? Émilie Bouchard Rajnish Sharma Adrián Hernández-Ortiz Kayla Buhler Batol Al-Adhami Chunlei Su Heather Fenton Géraldine G.-Gouin James D. Roth Chloé Warret Rodrigues Carla Pamak Audrey Simon Nicholas Bachand Patrick Leighton Emily Jenkins 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 https://doaj.org/article/eba70c0bfcd24a56a775a169c38f06e0 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/eba70c0bfcd24a56a775a169c38f06e0 Parasites & Vectors, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2022) Toxoplasma gondii ELISA MC-qPCR Foxes Sentinel species Canada Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 2022-12-30T22:04:03Z Abstract Background In changing northern ecosystems, understanding the mechanisms of transmission of zoonotic pathogens, including the coccidian parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is essential to protect the health of vulnerable animals and humans. As high-level predators and scavengers, foxes represent a potentially sensitive indicator of the circulation of T. gondii in environments where humans co-exist. The objectives of our research were to compare serological and molecular assays to detect T. gondii, generate baseline data on T. gondii antibody and tissue prevalence in foxes in northern Canada, and compare regional seroprevalence in foxes with that in people from recently published surveys across northern Canada. Methods Fox carcasses (Vulpes vulpes/Vulpes lagopus, n = 749) were collected by local trappers from the eastern (Labrador and Québec) and western Canadian Arctic (northern Manitoba, Nunavut, and the Northwest Territories) during the winters of 2015–2019. Antibodies in heart fluid were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in hearts and brains using a magnetic capture DNA extraction and real-time PCR assay. Results Antibodies against T. gondii and DNA were detected in 36% and 27% of foxes, respectively. Detection of antibodies was higher in older (64%) compared to younger foxes (22%). More males (36%) than females (31%) were positive for antibodies to T. gondii. Tissue prevalence in foxes from western Nunavik (51%) was higher than in eastern Nunavik (19%). At the Canadian scale, T. gondii exposure was lower in western Inuit regions (13%) compared to eastern Inuit regions (39%), possibly because of regional differences in fox diet and/or environment. Exposure to T. gondii decreased at higher latitude and in foxes having moderate to little fat. Higher mean infection intensity was observed in Arctic foxes compared to red foxes. Fox and human seroprevalence showed similar trends across Inuit regions of Canada, but were less correlated in the eastern ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic inuit Northwest Territories Nunavut Vulpes lagopus Nunavik Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Canada Northwest Territories Nunavik Nunavut Parasites & Vectors 15 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Toxoplasma gondii ELISA MC-qPCR Foxes Sentinel species Canada Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Toxoplasma gondii ELISA MC-qPCR Foxes Sentinel species Canada Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Émilie Bouchard Rajnish Sharma Adrián Hernández-Ortiz Kayla Buhler Batol Al-Adhami Chunlei Su Heather Fenton Géraldine G.-Gouin James D. Roth Chloé Warret Rodrigues Carla Pamak Audrey Simon Nicholas Bachand Patrick Leighton Emily Jenkins Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
topic_facet |
Toxoplasma gondii ELISA MC-qPCR Foxes Sentinel species Canada Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background In changing northern ecosystems, understanding the mechanisms of transmission of zoonotic pathogens, including the coccidian parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is essential to protect the health of vulnerable animals and humans. As high-level predators and scavengers, foxes represent a potentially sensitive indicator of the circulation of T. gondii in environments where humans co-exist. The objectives of our research were to compare serological and molecular assays to detect T. gondii, generate baseline data on T. gondii antibody and tissue prevalence in foxes in northern Canada, and compare regional seroprevalence in foxes with that in people from recently published surveys across northern Canada. Methods Fox carcasses (Vulpes vulpes/Vulpes lagopus, n = 749) were collected by local trappers from the eastern (Labrador and Québec) and western Canadian Arctic (northern Manitoba, Nunavut, and the Northwest Territories) during the winters of 2015–2019. Antibodies in heart fluid were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in hearts and brains using a magnetic capture DNA extraction and real-time PCR assay. Results Antibodies against T. gondii and DNA were detected in 36% and 27% of foxes, respectively. Detection of antibodies was higher in older (64%) compared to younger foxes (22%). More males (36%) than females (31%) were positive for antibodies to T. gondii. Tissue prevalence in foxes from western Nunavik (51%) was higher than in eastern Nunavik (19%). At the Canadian scale, T. gondii exposure was lower in western Inuit regions (13%) compared to eastern Inuit regions (39%), possibly because of regional differences in fox diet and/or environment. Exposure to T. gondii decreased at higher latitude and in foxes having moderate to little fat. Higher mean infection intensity was observed in Arctic foxes compared to red foxes. Fox and human seroprevalence showed similar trends across Inuit regions of Canada, but were less correlated in the eastern ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Émilie Bouchard Rajnish Sharma Adrián Hernández-Ortiz Kayla Buhler Batol Al-Adhami Chunlei Su Heather Fenton Géraldine G.-Gouin James D. Roth Chloé Warret Rodrigues Carla Pamak Audrey Simon Nicholas Bachand Patrick Leighton Emily Jenkins |
author_facet |
Émilie Bouchard Rajnish Sharma Adrián Hernández-Ortiz Kayla Buhler Batol Al-Adhami Chunlei Su Heather Fenton Géraldine G.-Gouin James D. Roth Chloé Warret Rodrigues Carla Pamak Audrey Simon Nicholas Bachand Patrick Leighton Emily Jenkins |
author_sort |
Émilie Bouchard |
title |
Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
title_short |
Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
title_full |
Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
title_fullStr |
Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Are foxes (Vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for Toxoplasma gondii in northern Canada? |
title_sort |
are foxes (vulpes spp.) good sentinel species for toxoplasma gondii in northern canada? |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 https://doaj.org/article/eba70c0bfcd24a56a775a169c38f06e0 |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Northwest Territories Nunavik Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Northwest Territories Nunavik Nunavut |
genre |
Arctic inuit Northwest Territories Nunavut Vulpes lagopus Nunavik |
genre_facet |
Arctic inuit Northwest Territories Nunavut Vulpes lagopus Nunavik |
op_source |
Parasites & Vectors, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305 doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 1756-3305 https://doaj.org/article/eba70c0bfcd24a56a775a169c38f06e0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05229-3 |
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Parasites & Vectors |
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