Paracoccidioidomycosis in children: clinical presentation, follow-up and outcome Paracoccidioidomicose em crianças: apresentação clínica, seguimento e evolução

• Published in: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
• Main Authors: Ricardo Mendes Pereira, Fábio Bucaretchi, Eliana de Melo Barison, Gabriel Hessel, Antonia Teresinha Tresoldi
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo 2004
• Subjects: Paracoccidioidomycosis; Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; Children; Eosinophilia; Hypergammaglobulinemia; Sulfametoxazole-trimethoprin; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652004000300002; https://doaj.org/article/ea2e4b7d59844fb69199810c9c374474

From February, 1981 to May, 2001, 63 children under 15 y old (ages 2 - 15 y, median = 8 y, mean ± 1 SD = 8 ± 3 y) presenting 70 episodes of Paracoccidioidomycosis were admitted. The main clinical manifestations and laboratory features observed upon admission were: lymph node enlargement (87.1%), fever (75.7%), weakness (48.6%), pallor (41.4%), hepatomegaly (40%), splenomegaly (35.7%), anemia (90%), hypergammaglobulinemia (88.5%), eosinophilia (75.5%) and hypoalbuminemia (72.5%). Moderate to severe malnutrition was detected in 35.7% of the episodes (Gomez's criterion). Radiographic and technetium studies showed bone lesions in 20 of the episodes, most of them being multiple lytic lesions, involving both long (70%) and plain bones (30%). First line treatment consisted of an association of sulfametoxazole-trimethoprin, which was used, exclusively, in 50 episodes. Follow-up of hemoglobin levels, number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood, albumin and gammaglobulin serum levels revealed significant sequential improvement one and six months after hospital admission, being quite useful to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Six patients died (9.3%) and four developed sequelae (6.3%) . In conclusion, the juvenile and disseminated forms can be observed in about 70% of the episodes of PCM occurring in children younger than 15 y old, most of them presenting with a febrile lymphoproliferative syndrome associated to anemia, eosinophilia and hypergammaglobulinemia. Foram analisados 70 episódios de Paracoccidioidomicose em 63 crianças com menos de 15 anos de idade (variação de 2 a 15 anos, mediana = 8 anos, média ± 1 DP = 8 ± 3 anos), no período de fevereiro de 1981 a maio de 2001. As principais manifestações clínicas e alterações laboratoriais à admissão foram: linfonodomegalia (87,1%), febre (75,7%), fraqueza (48,6%), palidez (41,4%), hepatomegalia (40,4%), esplenomegalia (35,7%), anemia (90%), hipergamaglobulinemia (88,5%), eosinofilia (75,5%) e hipoalbuminemia 72,5%. À admissão, 35,7% das crianças apresentavam desnutrição ...