Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens.
Household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients (HCMB) constitute the group of individuals at the highest risk of developing leprosy. Early diagnosis and treatment of their index cases combined with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunization remain important strategies adopted in Brazil to pre...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ea233d21d7664dcbb930d8ed56792bc5 2023-05-15T15:16:48+02:00 Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. Fernanda Marques de Carvalho Luciana Silva Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Duppre Iris Maria Peixoto Alvim Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Roberta Olmo Pinheiro Euzenir Nunes Sarno Maria Cristina Vidal Pessolani Geraldo Moura Batista Pereira 2017-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 https://doaj.org/article/ea233d21d7664dcbb930d8ed56792bc5 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5432189?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 https://doaj.org/article/ea233d21d7664dcbb930d8ed56792bc5 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 5, p e0005560 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 2022-12-31T02:27:03Z Household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients (HCMB) constitute the group of individuals at the highest risk of developing leprosy. Early diagnosis and treatment of their index cases combined with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunization remain important strategies adopted in Brazil to prevent HCMB from evolving into active disease. In the present study, we assessed the impact of these measures on the immune response to Mycobacterium leprae in HCMB. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HCMB (n = 16) were obtained at the beginning of leprosy index case treatment (T0). At this time point, contacts were vaccinated (n = 13) or not (n = 3) in accordance with their infancy history of BCG vaccination and PBMCs were recollected at least 6 months later (T1). As expected, a significant increase in memory CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies responsive to M. leprae whole-cell sonicate was observed in most contacts. Of note, higher frequencies of CD4+ T cells that recognize M. leprae specific epitopes were also detected. Moreover, increased production of the inflammatory mediators IL1-β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF, IFN-γ, MIP1-β, and MCP-1 was found at T1. Interestingly, the increment in these parameters was observed even in those contacts that were not BCG vaccinated at T0. This result reinforces the hypothesis that the continuous exposure of HCMB to live M. leprae down regulates the specific cellular immune response against the pathogen. Moreover, our data suggest that BCG vaccination of HCMB induces activation of T cell clones, likely through "trained immunity", that recognize M. leprae specific antigens not shared with BCG as an additional protective mechanism besides the expected boost in cell-mediated immunity by BCG homologues of M. leprae antigens. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Calmette ENVELOPE(-67.150,-67.150,-68.050,-68.050) PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 5 e0005560 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Fernanda Marques de Carvalho Luciana Silva Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Duppre Iris Maria Peixoto Alvim Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Roberta Olmo Pinheiro Euzenir Nunes Sarno Maria Cristina Vidal Pessolani Geraldo Moura Batista Pereira Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Household contacts of multibacillary leprosy patients (HCMB) constitute the group of individuals at the highest risk of developing leprosy. Early diagnosis and treatment of their index cases combined with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunization remain important strategies adopted in Brazil to prevent HCMB from evolving into active disease. In the present study, we assessed the impact of these measures on the immune response to Mycobacterium leprae in HCMB. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HCMB (n = 16) were obtained at the beginning of leprosy index case treatment (T0). At this time point, contacts were vaccinated (n = 13) or not (n = 3) in accordance with their infancy history of BCG vaccination and PBMCs were recollected at least 6 months later (T1). As expected, a significant increase in memory CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies responsive to M. leprae whole-cell sonicate was observed in most contacts. Of note, higher frequencies of CD4+ T cells that recognize M. leprae specific epitopes were also detected. Moreover, increased production of the inflammatory mediators IL1-β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF, IFN-γ, MIP1-β, and MCP-1 was found at T1. Interestingly, the increment in these parameters was observed even in those contacts that were not BCG vaccinated at T0. This result reinforces the hypothesis that the continuous exposure of HCMB to live M. leprae down regulates the specific cellular immune response against the pathogen. Moreover, our data suggest that BCG vaccination of HCMB induces activation of T cell clones, likely through "trained immunity", that recognize M. leprae specific antigens not shared with BCG as an additional protective mechanism besides the expected boost in cell-mediated immunity by BCG homologues of M. leprae antigens. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fernanda Marques de Carvalho Luciana Silva Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Duppre Iris Maria Peixoto Alvim Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Roberta Olmo Pinheiro Euzenir Nunes Sarno Maria Cristina Vidal Pessolani Geraldo Moura Batista Pereira |
author_facet |
Fernanda Marques de Carvalho Luciana Silva Rodrigues Nádia Cristina Duppre Iris Maria Peixoto Alvim Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Roberta Olmo Pinheiro Euzenir Nunes Sarno Maria Cristina Vidal Pessolani Geraldo Moura Batista Pereira |
author_sort |
Fernanda Marques de Carvalho |
title |
Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
title_short |
Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
title_full |
Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
title_fullStr |
Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent BCG vaccination enhances the response to Mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
title_sort |
interruption of persistent exposure to leprosy combined or not with recent bcg vaccination enhances the response to mycobacterium leprae specific antigens. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 https://doaj.org/article/ea233d21d7664dcbb930d8ed56792bc5 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.150,-67.150,-68.050,-68.050) |
geographic |
Arctic Calmette |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Calmette |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 5, p e0005560 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5432189?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 https://doaj.org/article/ea233d21d7664dcbb930d8ed56792bc5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005560 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e0005560 |
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