Inequality of gender, age and disabilities due to leprosy and trends in a hyperendemic metropolis: Evidence from an eleven-year time series study in Central-West Brazil.

• Published in: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
• Main Authors: José Francisco Martoreli Júnior, Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos, Josilene Dalia Alves, Juliane de Almeida Crispim, Luana Seles Alves, Thaís Zamboni Berra, Tatiana Pestana Barbosa, Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino da Costa, Yan Mathias Alves, Márcio Souza Dos Santos, Dulce Gomes, Mellina Yamamura, Ione Carvalho Pinto, Miguel Angel Fuentealba-Torres, Carla Nunes, Flavia Meneguetti Pieri, Marcos Augusto Moraes Arcoverde, Felipe Lima Dos Santos, Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
• Subjects: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009941; https://doaj.org/article/ea1f9ef5247c41e589b360f6448e9fe8

The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiological situation of leprosy (Hansen's Disease), in a hyperendemic metropolis in the Central-West region of Brazil. We studied trends over eleven years, both in the detection of the disease and in disabilities, analyzing disparities and/or differences regarding gender and age. This is an ecological time series study conducted in Cuiabá, capital of the state of Mato Grosso. The population consisted of patients diagnosed with leprosy between the years 2008 and 2018. The time series of leprosy cases was used, stratifying it according to gender (male and female), disability grade (G0D, G1D, G2D, and not evaluated) and age. The calendar adjustment technique was applied. For modeling the trends, the Seasonal-Trend decomposition procedure based on Loess (STL) was used. We identified 9.739 diagnosed cases, in which 58.37% were male and 87.55% aged between 15 and 59 years. Regarding detection according to gender, there was a decrease among women and an increase in men. The study shows an increasing trend in disabilities in both genders, which may be related to the delay in diagnosis. There was also an increasing number of cases that were not assessed for disability at the time of diagnosis, which denotes the quality of the services.