Fluid-induced high-temperature metasomatism at Rundvågshetta in the Lützow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica: Implications for the role of brine during granulite formation

• Published in: Geoscience Frontiers
• Main Authors: Kazuki Takahashi, Toshiaki Tsunogae, Emmanuel Nwachukwu Ugwuonah
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2018
• Subjects: Geology; QE1-996.5; East Antarctica; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2017.11.010; https://doaj.org/article/e9068af0610940ab9c7f9367100121c3

We report new petrological, phase equilibria modeling, and fluid inclusion data for pelitic and mafic granulites from Rundvågshetta in the highest-grade region of the Neoproterozoic Lützow-Holm Complex (LHC), East Antarctica, and provide unequivocal evidence for fluid-rock interaction and high-temperature metasomatism in the presence of brine fluid. The studied locality is composed dominantly of well-foliated pelitic granulite (K-feldspar + quartz + sillimanite + garnet + ilmenite) with foliation-parallel bands and/or layers of mafic granulite (plagioclase + orthopyroxene + garnet + ilmenite + quartz + biotite). The boundary between the two lithologies is defined by thin (about 1–20 cm in thick) garnet-rich layers with a common mineral assemblage of garnet + plagioclase + quartz + ilmenite + biotite ± orthopyroxene. Systematic increase of grossular and decrease of pyrope contents in garnet as well as decreasing Mg/(Fe + Mg) ratio of biotite from the pelitic granulite to garnet-rich rock and mafic granulite suggest that the garnet-rich layer was formed by metasomatic interaction between the two granulite lithologies. Phase equilibria modeling in the system NCKFMASHTO demonstrates that the metasomatism took place at 850–860 °C, which is slightly lower than the peak metamorphism of this region, and the modal abundance of garnet is the highest along the metapelite–metabasite boundary (up to 40%), which is consistent with the field and thin section observations. The occurrence of brine (7.0–10.9 wt.% NaCleq for ice melting or 25.1–25.5 wt.% NaCleq for hydrohalite melting) fluid inclusions as a primary phase trapped within plagioclase in the garnet-rich layer and the occurrence of Cl-rich biotite (Cl = 0.22–0.60 wt.%) in the metasomatic rock compared to that in pelitic (0.15–0.24 wt.%) and mafic (0.06–0.13 wt.%) granulites suggest infiltration of brine fluid could have given rise to the high-temperature metasomatism. The fluid might have been derived from external sources possibly related to the formation of major ...