In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial
Abstract Background Control of hookworm and other soil-transmitted helminth infections primarily relies on preventive chemotherapy using a single dose of albendazole/mebendazole drugs on high-risk groups. Herein, the efficacy of a single dose (400 mg) of albendazole (ALB) was investigated both in vi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e8e9b263dd994676bc8bec176f63a433 2023-05-15T15:17:09+02:00 In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial Wolelaw Bezie Mulugeta Aemero Yalewayiker Tegegne Tegegne Eshetu Ayenew Addisu Meseret Birhanie Adane Derso Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 https://doaj.org/article/e8e9b263dd994676bc8bec176f63a433 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/e8e9b263dd994676bc8bec176f63a433 Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 49, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021) Hookworm Single dose Albendazole In vivo In vitro Efficacy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 2022-12-31T06:26:52Z Abstract Background Control of hookworm and other soil-transmitted helminth infections primarily relies on preventive chemotherapy using a single dose of albendazole/mebendazole drugs on high-risk groups. Herein, the efficacy of a single dose (400 mg) of albendazole (ALB) was investigated both in vivo and in vitro model in northwest Ethiopia. Methods An open-label, single-arm clinical trial was conducted to assess anti-hookworm effect of albendazole. Stool samples were collected and examined using McMaster and Harada-Mori filter paper culture. Eligible hookworm-infected patients were treated with a single dose of ALB. After 14–21 days post-treatment, stool samples were also taken again and re-examined using the abovementioned technique. Egg reduction rate (ERR) and larval motility were used as a therapeutic outcome measure. An independent t test was used to compare the mean difference in egg counts, and probit analysis was performed for calculating the lethal concentration dose of albendazole. P value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 70 participants had completed the drug efficacy study. The efficacy of ALB against hookworm in terms of CR and ERR was 87% and 93%, respectively. Participants who had not eaten one or more hours prior to treatment had higher CR than those who had eaten within 1 h before treatment (97.4% vs 74.2%), while individuals with heavy infection intensity had a lower post-treatment ova clearing rate than those who were with light infection intensity (43% vs 94.6%). The in vitro larvicidal effect of ALB was 63–93% after applying 50–250 μg/ml concentration of ALB solution. The LC50 and LC99 were 152 μg/ml and 573 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion A single dose of albendazole was found to be effective for treating hookworm infections according to WHO anthelminthic evaluation standard in the study area. Preventive chemotherapy might therefore be extended to risk groups, with proper continuous monitoring of its efficacy to strengthen and keep the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Lower Post ENVELOPE(-128.482,-128.482,59.925,59.925) Tropical Medicine and Health 49 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Hookworm Single dose Albendazole In vivo In vitro Efficacy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
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Hookworm Single dose Albendazole In vivo In vitro Efficacy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Wolelaw Bezie Mulugeta Aemero Yalewayiker Tegegne Tegegne Eshetu Ayenew Addisu Meseret Birhanie Adane Derso Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
topic_facet |
Hookworm Single dose Albendazole In vivo In vitro Efficacy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Abstract Background Control of hookworm and other soil-transmitted helminth infections primarily relies on preventive chemotherapy using a single dose of albendazole/mebendazole drugs on high-risk groups. Herein, the efficacy of a single dose (400 mg) of albendazole (ALB) was investigated both in vivo and in vitro model in northwest Ethiopia. Methods An open-label, single-arm clinical trial was conducted to assess anti-hookworm effect of albendazole. Stool samples were collected and examined using McMaster and Harada-Mori filter paper culture. Eligible hookworm-infected patients were treated with a single dose of ALB. After 14–21 days post-treatment, stool samples were also taken again and re-examined using the abovementioned technique. Egg reduction rate (ERR) and larval motility were used as a therapeutic outcome measure. An independent t test was used to compare the mean difference in egg counts, and probit analysis was performed for calculating the lethal concentration dose of albendazole. P value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 70 participants had completed the drug efficacy study. The efficacy of ALB against hookworm in terms of CR and ERR was 87% and 93%, respectively. Participants who had not eaten one or more hours prior to treatment had higher CR than those who had eaten within 1 h before treatment (97.4% vs 74.2%), while individuals with heavy infection intensity had a lower post-treatment ova clearing rate than those who were with light infection intensity (43% vs 94.6%). The in vitro larvicidal effect of ALB was 63–93% after applying 50–250 μg/ml concentration of ALB solution. The LC50 and LC99 were 152 μg/ml and 573 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion A single dose of albendazole was found to be effective for treating hookworm infections according to WHO anthelminthic evaluation standard in the study area. Preventive chemotherapy might therefore be extended to risk groups, with proper continuous monitoring of its efficacy to strengthen and keep the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wolelaw Bezie Mulugeta Aemero Yalewayiker Tegegne Tegegne Eshetu Ayenew Addisu Meseret Birhanie Adane Derso Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke |
author_facet |
Wolelaw Bezie Mulugeta Aemero Yalewayiker Tegegne Tegegne Eshetu Ayenew Addisu Meseret Birhanie Adane Derso Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke |
author_sort |
Wolelaw Bezie |
title |
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
title_short |
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
title_full |
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
title_fullStr |
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
title_full_unstemmed |
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest Ethiopia: open-label trial |
title_sort |
in vivo and in vitro efficacy of a single dose of albendazole against hookworm infection in northwest ethiopia: open-label trial |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 https://doaj.org/article/e8e9b263dd994676bc8bec176f63a433 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-128.482,-128.482,59.925,59.925) |
geographic |
Arctic Lower Post |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Lower Post |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 49, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/e8e9b263dd994676bc8bec176f63a433 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-021-00308-0 |
container_title |
Tropical Medicine and Health |
container_volume |
49 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766347412667891712 |