Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char
Abstract Background Animal feeding and spawning migrations may be limited by physical barriers and behavioral interactions. Dam constructions (e.g. hydropower) commonly include gateways for fish migrations to sustain ecological connectivity. Relative genetic impacts of fish passage devices versus na...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e85cfec1034e42269872331c52ad6d66 2023-05-15T15:00:35+02:00 Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char Heggenes Jan Wollebæk Jens Røed Knut H 2011-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 https://doaj.org/article/e85cfec1034e42269872331c52ad6d66 EN eng BMC http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/11/207 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2148 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 1471-2148 https://doaj.org/article/e85cfec1034e42269872331c52ad6d66 BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 207 (2011) Evolution QH359-425 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 2022-12-30T20:14:44Z Abstract Background Animal feeding and spawning migrations may be limited by physical barriers and behavioral interactions. Dam constructions (e.g. hydropower) commonly include gateways for fish migrations to sustain ecological connectivity. Relative genetic impacts of fish passage devices versus natural processes (e.g. hybrid inferiority) are, however, rarely studied. We examined genetic (i.e. microsatellite) population connectivity of highly migrating lake-dwelling Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ), introduced 20 generations ago, across and within two subalpine lakes separated by a dam with a subterranean tunnel and spill gates after 7 generations. Due to water flow regime, the time window for fish migration is highly restricted. Results Char populations, with similar genetic structuring and diversity observed across and within lakes, were admixed across the dam with fishways during feeding. For spawning, however, statistically significant, but very low population differentiation (θ; 0.002 - 0.013) was found in nine out of ten reproductive site comparisons, reflecting interactions between extensive migration (mean first generation (F 0 ) = 10.8%) and initial site fidelity. Simulations indicated that genetic drift among relatively small effective populations (mean N e = 62) may have caused the observed contemporary differentiation. Novel Bayesian analyses indicated mean contributions of 71% F 0 population hybrids in spawning populations, of which 76% had maternal or paternal native origin. Conclusions Ecological connectivity between lakes separated by a dam has been retained through construction of fishways for feeding migration. Considerable survival and homing to ancestral spawning sites in hybrid progeny was documented. Population differentiation despite preceding admixture is likely caused by contemporary reduced reproductive fitness of population hybrids. The study documents the beginning stages of population divergence among spatial aggregations with recent common ancestry. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Salvelinus alpinus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic BMC Evolutionary Biology 11 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Evolution QH359-425 |
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Evolution QH359-425 Heggenes Jan Wollebæk Jens Røed Knut H Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
topic_facet |
Evolution QH359-425 |
description |
Abstract Background Animal feeding and spawning migrations may be limited by physical barriers and behavioral interactions. Dam constructions (e.g. hydropower) commonly include gateways for fish migrations to sustain ecological connectivity. Relative genetic impacts of fish passage devices versus natural processes (e.g. hybrid inferiority) are, however, rarely studied. We examined genetic (i.e. microsatellite) population connectivity of highly migrating lake-dwelling Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ), introduced 20 generations ago, across and within two subalpine lakes separated by a dam with a subterranean tunnel and spill gates after 7 generations. Due to water flow regime, the time window for fish migration is highly restricted. Results Char populations, with similar genetic structuring and diversity observed across and within lakes, were admixed across the dam with fishways during feeding. For spawning, however, statistically significant, but very low population differentiation (θ; 0.002 - 0.013) was found in nine out of ten reproductive site comparisons, reflecting interactions between extensive migration (mean first generation (F 0 ) = 10.8%) and initial site fidelity. Simulations indicated that genetic drift among relatively small effective populations (mean N e = 62) may have caused the observed contemporary differentiation. Novel Bayesian analyses indicated mean contributions of 71% F 0 population hybrids in spawning populations, of which 76% had maternal or paternal native origin. Conclusions Ecological connectivity between lakes separated by a dam has been retained through construction of fishways for feeding migration. Considerable survival and homing to ancestral spawning sites in hybrid progeny was documented. Population differentiation despite preceding admixture is likely caused by contemporary reduced reproductive fitness of population hybrids. The study documents the beginning stages of population divergence among spatial aggregations with recent common ancestry. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Heggenes Jan Wollebæk Jens Røed Knut H |
author_facet |
Heggenes Jan Wollebæk Jens Røed Knut H |
author_sort |
Heggenes Jan |
title |
Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
title_short |
Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
title_full |
Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
title_fullStr |
Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
title_full_unstemmed |
Population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
title_sort |
population connectivity: dam migration mitigations and contemporary site fidelity in arctic char |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 https://doaj.org/article/e85cfec1034e42269872331c52ad6d66 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
op_source |
BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 207 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/11/207 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2148 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 1471-2148 https://doaj.org/article/e85cfec1034e42269872331c52ad6d66 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-207 |
container_title |
BMC Evolutionary Biology |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766332678270877696 |