A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups
The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length an...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30 2023-05-15T16:21:41+02:00 A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666496820300133 https://doaj.org/toc/2666-4968 2666-4968 doi:10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30 Applications in Engineering Science, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100013- (2020) Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 2022-12-31T11:22:50Z The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length and thickness, confining a subglacial lake with a constant cross-sectional area and variable level. We do not consider the role of heat transfer as suggested by many authors for fast-rising events. The model consists of two ordinary differential equations: conservation equation for the lake water and motion equation for the glacier. The glacier vertical movement is supposed to be governed by its own weight, the water pressure generated by the lake and by the forces acting on the lateral sides due to interaction between the glacier and the surroundings. The model has three free parameters and reproduces satisfactorily eight historical hydrographs observed originated by eight jökulhlaups in the Skaftá river (Iceland). These floods, of fast-rising type, are sourced from two ice cauldrons, the Eastern one being responsible of the largest floods (up to 3500 m3s−1). On average, the cauldrons drain almost every two years due to persistent geothermal activity beneath Vatnajökull glacier. This periodicity has a simple mathematical interpretation and is used to obtain another validation of the model. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland Vatnajökull Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Skaftá ENVELOPE(-17.933,-17.933,63.783,63.783) Vatnajökull ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) Applications in Engineering Science 3 100013 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 |
spellingShingle |
Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
topic_facet |
Subglacial floods Subglacial lakes Jökulhlaups Mathematical modelling Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 |
description |
The paper describes a simplified mathematical model aimed at fitting available hydrographs of floods from subglacial lakes reaching their peak almost linearly in time, the so-called fast-risingjökulhlaups. The simplifying idea is that the glacier can be treated as a block with fixed width, length and thickness, confining a subglacial lake with a constant cross-sectional area and variable level. We do not consider the role of heat transfer as suggested by many authors for fast-rising events. The model consists of two ordinary differential equations: conservation equation for the lake water and motion equation for the glacier. The glacier vertical movement is supposed to be governed by its own weight, the water pressure generated by the lake and by the forces acting on the lateral sides due to interaction between the glacier and the surroundings. The model has three free parameters and reproduces satisfactorily eight historical hydrographs observed originated by eight jökulhlaups in the Skaftá river (Iceland). These floods, of fast-rising type, are sourced from two ice cauldrons, the Eastern one being responsible of the largest floods (up to 3500 m3s−1). On average, the cauldrons drain almost every two years due to persistent geothermal activity beneath Vatnajökull glacier. This periodicity has a simple mathematical interpretation and is used to obtain another validation of the model. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso |
author_facet |
Benedetta Calusi Angiolo Farina Fabio Rosso |
author_sort |
Benedetta Calusi |
title |
A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
title_short |
A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
title_full |
A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
title_fullStr |
A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
title_full_unstemmed |
A simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
title_sort |
simplified mechanical model for explaining fast-rising jökulhlaups |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-17.933,-17.933,63.783,63.783) ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) |
geographic |
Skaftá Vatnajökull |
geographic_facet |
Skaftá Vatnajökull |
genre |
glacier Iceland Vatnajökull |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland Vatnajökull |
op_source |
Applications in Engineering Science, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100013- (2020) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666496820300133 https://doaj.org/toc/2666-4968 2666-4968 doi:10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 https://doaj.org/article/e804da95f4764c9f861047c2d3d0df30 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apples.2020.100013 |
container_title |
Applications in Engineering Science |
container_volume |
3 |
container_start_page |
100013 |
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1766009677202587648 |