Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci
Abstract Background The two homologous iron-binding lobes of transferrins are thought to have evolved by gene duplication of an ancestral monolobal form, but any conserved synteny between bilobal and monolobal transferrin loci remains unexplored. The important role played by transferrin in the resis...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e7fa71a5a7c943c3b079f1e1c6ba7c10 2023-05-15T15:27:10+02:00 Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci Tooming-Klunderud Ave Pirolli Davide De Rosa Maria Cristina Andersen Øivind Petersen Petra E André Carl 2011-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 https://doaj.org/article/e7fa71a5a7c943c3b079f1e1c6ba7c10 EN eng BMC http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/12/51 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2156 doi:10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 1471-2156 https://doaj.org/article/e7fa71a5a7c943c3b079f1e1c6ba7c10 BMC Genetics, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 51 (2011) Monolobal transferrin Atlantic cod tandem duplication adaptation positive selection molecular modeling Genetics QH426-470 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 2022-12-31T03:08:28Z Abstract Background The two homologous iron-binding lobes of transferrins are thought to have evolved by gene duplication of an ancestral monolobal form, but any conserved synteny between bilobal and monolobal transferrin loci remains unexplored. The important role played by transferrin in the resistance to invading pathogens makes this polymorphic gene a highly valuable candidate for studying adaptive divergence among local populations. Results The Atlantic cod genome was shown to harbour two tandem duplicated serum transferrin genes ( Tf1 , Tf2 ), a melanotransferrin gene ( MTf ), and a monolobal transferrin gene ( Omp ). Whereas Tf1 and Tf2 were differentially expressed in liver and brain, the Omp transcript was restricted to the otoliths. Fish, chicken and mammals showed highly conserved syntenic regions in which monolobal and bilobal transferrins reside, but contrasting with tetrapods, the fish transferrin genes are positioned on three different linkage groups. Sequence alignment of cod Tf1 cDNAs from Northeast (NE) and Northwest (NW) Atlantic populations revealed 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) causing the replacement of 16 amino acids, including eight surface residues revealed by the modelled 3D-structures, that might influence the binding of pathogens for removal of iron. SNP analysis of a total of 375 individuals from 14 trans-Atlantic populations showed that the Tf1 -NE variant was almost fixed in the Baltic cod and predominated in the other NE Atlantic populations, whereas the NW Atlantic populations were more heterozygous and showed high frequencies of the Tf- NW SNP alleles. Conclusions The highly conserved synteny between fish and tetrapod transferrin loci infers that the fusion of tandem duplicated Omp -like genes gave rise to the modern transferrins. The multiple nonsynonymous substitutions in cod Tf1 with putative structural effects, together with highly divergent allele frequencies among different cod populations, strongly suggest evidence for positive selection and local adaptation in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles BMC Genetics 12 1 51 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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language |
English |
topic |
Monolobal transferrin Atlantic cod tandem duplication adaptation positive selection molecular modeling Genetics QH426-470 |
spellingShingle |
Monolobal transferrin Atlantic cod tandem duplication adaptation positive selection molecular modeling Genetics QH426-470 Tooming-Klunderud Ave Pirolli Davide De Rosa Maria Cristina Andersen Øivind Petersen Petra E André Carl Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
topic_facet |
Monolobal transferrin Atlantic cod tandem duplication adaptation positive selection molecular modeling Genetics QH426-470 |
description |
Abstract Background The two homologous iron-binding lobes of transferrins are thought to have evolved by gene duplication of an ancestral monolobal form, but any conserved synteny between bilobal and monolobal transferrin loci remains unexplored. The important role played by transferrin in the resistance to invading pathogens makes this polymorphic gene a highly valuable candidate for studying adaptive divergence among local populations. Results The Atlantic cod genome was shown to harbour two tandem duplicated serum transferrin genes ( Tf1 , Tf2 ), a melanotransferrin gene ( MTf ), and a monolobal transferrin gene ( Omp ). Whereas Tf1 and Tf2 were differentially expressed in liver and brain, the Omp transcript was restricted to the otoliths. Fish, chicken and mammals showed highly conserved syntenic regions in which monolobal and bilobal transferrins reside, but contrasting with tetrapods, the fish transferrin genes are positioned on three different linkage groups. Sequence alignment of cod Tf1 cDNAs from Northeast (NE) and Northwest (NW) Atlantic populations revealed 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) causing the replacement of 16 amino acids, including eight surface residues revealed by the modelled 3D-structures, that might influence the binding of pathogens for removal of iron. SNP analysis of a total of 375 individuals from 14 trans-Atlantic populations showed that the Tf1 -NE variant was almost fixed in the Baltic cod and predominated in the other NE Atlantic populations, whereas the NW Atlantic populations were more heterozygous and showed high frequencies of the Tf- NW SNP alleles. Conclusions The highly conserved synteny between fish and tetrapod transferrin loci infers that the fusion of tandem duplicated Omp -like genes gave rise to the modern transferrins. The multiple nonsynonymous substitutions in cod Tf1 with putative structural effects, together with highly divergent allele frequencies among different cod populations, strongly suggest evidence for positive selection and local adaptation in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tooming-Klunderud Ave Pirolli Davide De Rosa Maria Cristina Andersen Øivind Petersen Petra E André Carl |
author_facet |
Tooming-Klunderud Ave Pirolli Davide De Rosa Maria Cristina Andersen Øivind Petersen Petra E André Carl |
author_sort |
Tooming-Klunderud Ave |
title |
Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
title_short |
Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
title_full |
Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
title_fullStr |
Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) - Conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
title_sort |
polymorphism, selection and tandem duplication of transferrin genes in atlantic cod ( gadus morhua ) - conserved synteny between fish monolobal and tetrapod bilobal transferrin loci |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 https://doaj.org/article/e7fa71a5a7c943c3b079f1e1c6ba7c10 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
BMC Genetics, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 51 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/12/51 https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2156 doi:10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 1471-2156 https://doaj.org/article/e7fa71a5a7c943c3b079f1e1c6ba7c10 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-12-51 |
container_title |
BMC Genetics |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
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51 |
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1766357617654890496 |