Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a serious environmental issue of growing global concern due to the increasing plastic production and usage. Under climate warming, the cryosphere, defined as the part of Earth’s layer characterized by the low temperatures and the presence of frozen water, has...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e70bb34a73b74cf0ad33ba781a0eb78f 2023-07-02T03:30:56+02:00 Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region Yulan Zhang Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Deonie Allen Zhaoqing Wang Xi Luo Ling Yang Jinlei Chen Zhaofu Hu Pengfei Chen Wentao Du Steve Allen 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 https://doaj.org/article/e70bb34a73b74cf0ad33ba781a0eb78f EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987123000336 https://doaj.org/toc/1674-9871 1674-9871 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 https://doaj.org/article/e70bb34a73b74cf0ad33ba781a0eb78f Geoscience Frontiers, Vol 14, Iss 4, Pp 101566- (2023) Microplastics Arctic Sea ice Snow Seawater Sediments Geology QE1-996.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 2023-06-11T00:36:05Z Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a serious environmental issue of growing global concern due to the increasing plastic production and usage. Under climate warming, the cryosphere, defined as the part of Earth’s layer characterized by the low temperatures and the presence of frozen water, has been experiencing significant changes. The Arctic cryosphere (e.g., sea ice, snow cover, Greenland ice sheet, permafrost) can store and release pollutants into environments, making Arctic an important temporal sink and source of MPs. Here, we summarized the distributions of MPs in Arctic snow, sea ice, seawater, rivers, and sediments, to illustrate their potential sources, transport pathways, storage and release, and possible effects in this sentinel region. Items concentrations of MPs in snow and ice varied about 1–6 orders of magnitude in different regions, which were mostly attributed to the different sampling and measurement methods, and potential sources of MPs. MPs concentrations from Arctic seawater, river/lake water, and sediments also fluctuated largely, ranging from several items of per unit to >40,000 items m−3, 100 items m−3, and 10,000 items kg−1 dw, respectively. Arctic land snow cover can be a temporal storage of MPs, with MPs deposition flux of about (4.9–14.26) × 108 items km−2 yr−1. MPs transported by rivers to Arctic ocean was estimated to be approximately 8–48 ton/yr, with discharge flux of MPs at about (1.65–9.35) × 108 items/s. Average storage of MPs in sea ice was estimated to be about 6.1×1018 items, with annual release of about 5.1×1018 items. Atmospheric transport of MPs from long-distance terrestrial sources contributed significantly to MPs deposition in Arctic land snow cover, sea ice and oceanic surface waters. Arctic Great Rivers can flow MPs into the Arctic Ocean. Sea ice can temporally store, transport and then release MPs in the surrounded environment. Ocean currents from the Atlantic brought high concentrations of MPs into the Arctic. However, there existed large uncertainties of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper arctic cryosphere Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Geoscience Frontiers 14 4 101566 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Microplastics Arctic Sea ice Snow Seawater Sediments Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Microplastics Arctic Sea ice Snow Seawater Sediments Geology QE1-996.5 Yulan Zhang Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Deonie Allen Zhaoqing Wang Xi Luo Ling Yang Jinlei Chen Zhaofu Hu Pengfei Chen Wentao Du Steve Allen Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
topic_facet |
Microplastics Arctic Sea ice Snow Seawater Sediments Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a serious environmental issue of growing global concern due to the increasing plastic production and usage. Under climate warming, the cryosphere, defined as the part of Earth’s layer characterized by the low temperatures and the presence of frozen water, has been experiencing significant changes. The Arctic cryosphere (e.g., sea ice, snow cover, Greenland ice sheet, permafrost) can store and release pollutants into environments, making Arctic an important temporal sink and source of MPs. Here, we summarized the distributions of MPs in Arctic snow, sea ice, seawater, rivers, and sediments, to illustrate their potential sources, transport pathways, storage and release, and possible effects in this sentinel region. Items concentrations of MPs in snow and ice varied about 1–6 orders of magnitude in different regions, which were mostly attributed to the different sampling and measurement methods, and potential sources of MPs. MPs concentrations from Arctic seawater, river/lake water, and sediments also fluctuated largely, ranging from several items of per unit to >40,000 items m−3, 100 items m−3, and 10,000 items kg−1 dw, respectively. Arctic land snow cover can be a temporal storage of MPs, with MPs deposition flux of about (4.9–14.26) × 108 items km−2 yr−1. MPs transported by rivers to Arctic ocean was estimated to be approximately 8–48 ton/yr, with discharge flux of MPs at about (1.65–9.35) × 108 items/s. Average storage of MPs in sea ice was estimated to be about 6.1×1018 items, with annual release of about 5.1×1018 items. Atmospheric transport of MPs from long-distance terrestrial sources contributed significantly to MPs deposition in Arctic land snow cover, sea ice and oceanic surface waters. Arctic Great Rivers can flow MPs into the Arctic Ocean. Sea ice can temporally store, transport and then release MPs in the surrounded environment. Ocean currents from the Atlantic brought high concentrations of MPs into the Arctic. However, there existed large uncertainties of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yulan Zhang Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Deonie Allen Zhaoqing Wang Xi Luo Ling Yang Jinlei Chen Zhaofu Hu Pengfei Chen Wentao Du Steve Allen |
author_facet |
Yulan Zhang Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Deonie Allen Zhaoqing Wang Xi Luo Ling Yang Jinlei Chen Zhaofu Hu Pengfei Chen Wentao Du Steve Allen |
author_sort |
Yulan Zhang |
title |
Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
title_short |
Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
title_full |
Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
title_fullStr |
Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arctic region |
title_sort |
cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the arctic region |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 https://doaj.org/article/e70bb34a73b74cf0ad33ba781a0eb78f |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland |
genre |
arctic cryosphere Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Sea ice |
genre_facet |
arctic cryosphere Arctic Arctic Ocean Greenland Ice Ice Sheet permafrost Sea ice |
op_source |
Geoscience Frontiers, Vol 14, Iss 4, Pp 101566- (2023) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987123000336 https://doaj.org/toc/1674-9871 1674-9871 doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 https://doaj.org/article/e70bb34a73b74cf0ad33ba781a0eb78f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101566 |
container_title |
Geoscience Frontiers |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
101566 |
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1770275207030767616 |