Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland
Reindeer husbandry and forestry are practiced in the same areas in northern Fennoscandia. Reindeer pastures have largely deteriorated. We aimed to quantify the separate and combined effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on the amount of ground lichens. To do this, we mapped and inventoried all la...
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Finnish Society of Forest Science
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e6e68f5184684cc5bd7605b60c39ecc6 2023-05-15T16:12:07+02:00 Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland Akujärvi, Anu Hallikainen, Ville Hyppönen, Mikko Mattila, Eero Mikkola, Kari Rautio, Pasi 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.1153 https://doaj.org/article/e6e68f5184684cc5bd7605b60c39ecc6 EN eng Finnish Society of Forest Science https://www.silvafennica.fi/article/1153 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-4075 2242-4075 doi:10.14214/sf.1153 https://doaj.org/article/e6e68f5184684cc5bd7605b60c39ecc6 Silva Fennica, Vol 48, Iss 3 (2014) Forestry SD1-669.5 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.1153 2022-12-31T00:38:57Z Reindeer husbandry and forestry are practiced in the same areas in northern Fennoscandia. Reindeer pastures have largely deteriorated. We aimed to quantify the separate and combined effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on the amount of ground lichens. To do this, we mapped and inventoried all larger enclosures (49) in Finnish Lapland where forest management practices were similar in both sides of the fence. The average time since fencing was 43 years. We recorded the cover and estimated dry biomass of ground lichens, as well as parameters describing forest stand characteristics. The effect of reindeer grazing on both the cover and estimated dry biomass of lichens was clear: in the ungrazed (fenced) sites, the lichen cover (35.8%) was on average 5.3-fold and the dry biomass (1929 kg ha) 14.8-fold compared with the corresponding estimates in the grazed sites (6.8% and 130 kg ha). The effect of forestry on lichens was smaller. In the grazed stands the cover and biomass of lichens were higher in the mature stands compared to the younger stand development classes, whereas in the ungrazed stands there were no significant differences between the development classes. Both reindeer grazing and forestry affect the cover and biomass of ground lichens. The influence of reindeer grazing is, however, much heavier than that of forestry. The decrease of not only the biomass, but also the lichen cover, is alarming. The decrease of lichen cover may hinder the recovery of reindeer pastures, which in the long run endangers the sustainability of reindeer husbandry.â1â1 Article in Journal/Newspaper Fennoscandia reindeer husbandry Lapland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Silva Fennica 48 3 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Forestry SD1-669.5 |
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Forestry SD1-669.5 Akujärvi, Anu Hallikainen, Ville Hyppönen, Mikko Mattila, Eero Mikkola, Kari Rautio, Pasi Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
topic_facet |
Forestry SD1-669.5 |
description |
Reindeer husbandry and forestry are practiced in the same areas in northern Fennoscandia. Reindeer pastures have largely deteriorated. We aimed to quantify the separate and combined effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on the amount of ground lichens. To do this, we mapped and inventoried all larger enclosures (49) in Finnish Lapland where forest management practices were similar in both sides of the fence. The average time since fencing was 43 years. We recorded the cover and estimated dry biomass of ground lichens, as well as parameters describing forest stand characteristics. The effect of reindeer grazing on both the cover and estimated dry biomass of lichens was clear: in the ungrazed (fenced) sites, the lichen cover (35.8%) was on average 5.3-fold and the dry biomass (1929 kg ha) 14.8-fold compared with the corresponding estimates in the grazed sites (6.8% and 130 kg ha). The effect of forestry on lichens was smaller. In the grazed stands the cover and biomass of lichens were higher in the mature stands compared to the younger stand development classes, whereas in the ungrazed stands there were no significant differences between the development classes. Both reindeer grazing and forestry affect the cover and biomass of ground lichens. The influence of reindeer grazing is, however, much heavier than that of forestry. The decrease of not only the biomass, but also the lichen cover, is alarming. The decrease of lichen cover may hinder the recovery of reindeer pastures, which in the long run endangers the sustainability of reindeer husbandry.â1â1 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Akujärvi, Anu Hallikainen, Ville Hyppönen, Mikko Mattila, Eero Mikkola, Kari Rautio, Pasi |
author_facet |
Akujärvi, Anu Hallikainen, Ville Hyppönen, Mikko Mattila, Eero Mikkola, Kari Rautio, Pasi |
author_sort |
Akujärvi, Anu |
title |
Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
title_short |
Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
title_full |
Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
title_fullStr |
Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in Finnish Lapland |
title_sort |
effects of reindeer grazing and forestry on ground lichens in finnish lapland |
publisher |
Finnish Society of Forest Science |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.1153 https://doaj.org/article/e6e68f5184684cc5bd7605b60c39ecc6 |
genre |
Fennoscandia reindeer husbandry Lapland |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandia reindeer husbandry Lapland |
op_source |
Silva Fennica, Vol 48, Iss 3 (2014) |
op_relation |
https://www.silvafennica.fi/article/1153 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-4075 2242-4075 doi:10.14214/sf.1153 https://doaj.org/article/e6e68f5184684cc5bd7605b60c39ecc6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.1153 |
container_title |
Silva Fennica |
container_volume |
48 |
container_issue |
3 |
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1765997351547174912 |