Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland
The island Surtsey was formed in a volcanic eruption south of Iceland in 1963–1967 and has since then been protected and monitored by scientists. The first two moss species were found on Surtsey as early as 1967 and several new bryophyte species were discovered every year until 1973 when regular sam...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e669ae14651849258c9095aaddfce067 2023-05-15T16:47:45+02:00 Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland G. V. Ingimundardóttir H. Weibull N. Cronberg 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 https://doaj.org/article/e669ae14651849258c9095aaddfce067 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/4415/2014/bg-11-4415-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 https://doaj.org/article/e669ae14651849258c9095aaddfce067 Biogeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 16, Pp 4415-4427 (2014) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 2022-12-31T06:02:30Z The island Surtsey was formed in a volcanic eruption south of Iceland in 1963–1967 and has since then been protected and monitored by scientists. The first two moss species were found on Surtsey as early as 1967 and several new bryophyte species were discovered every year until 1973 when regular sampling ended. Systematic bryophyte inventories in a grid of 100 m × 100 m quadrats were made in 1971 and 1972: the number of observed species doubled, with 36 species found in 1971 and 72 species in 1972. Here we report results from an inventory in 2008, when every other of the grid's quadrats were searched for bryophytes. Despite lower sampling intensity than in 1972, distributional expansion and contraction of earlier colonists was revealed as well as the presence of new colonists. A total of 38 species were discovered, 15 of those were not encountered in 1972 and eight had never been reported from Surtsey before ( Bryum elegans , Ceratodon heterophyllus , Didymodon rigidulus , Eurhynchium praelongum , Schistidium confertum , S. papillosum , Tortula hoppeana and T. muralis ). Habitat loss due to erosion and reduced thermal activity in combination with successional vegetation changes are likely to have played a significant role in the decline of some bryophyte species which were abundant in 1972 ( Leptobryum pyriforme , Schistidium apocarpum coll., Funaria hygrometrica , Philonotis spp., Pohlia spp, Schistidium strictum , Sanionia uncinata ) while others have continued to thrive and expand (e.g. Schistidium maritimum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, R. ericoides, R. fasciculare and Bryum argenteum ). Some species (especially Bryum spp.) benefit from the formation of new habitats, such as grassland within a gull colony, which was established in 1984. Several newcomers are rarely producing sporophytes on Iceland and are unlikely to have been dispersed by airborne spores. They are more likely to have been introduced to Surtsey by seagulls in the form of vegetative fragments or dispersal agents ( Bryum elegans, Didymodon ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Surtsey Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Surtsey ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) Biogeosciences 11 16 4415 4427 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 G. V. Ingimundardóttir H. Weibull N. Cronberg Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The island Surtsey was formed in a volcanic eruption south of Iceland in 1963–1967 and has since then been protected and monitored by scientists. The first two moss species were found on Surtsey as early as 1967 and several new bryophyte species were discovered every year until 1973 when regular sampling ended. Systematic bryophyte inventories in a grid of 100 m × 100 m quadrats were made in 1971 and 1972: the number of observed species doubled, with 36 species found in 1971 and 72 species in 1972. Here we report results from an inventory in 2008, when every other of the grid's quadrats were searched for bryophytes. Despite lower sampling intensity than in 1972, distributional expansion and contraction of earlier colonists was revealed as well as the presence of new colonists. A total of 38 species were discovered, 15 of those were not encountered in 1972 and eight had never been reported from Surtsey before ( Bryum elegans , Ceratodon heterophyllus , Didymodon rigidulus , Eurhynchium praelongum , Schistidium confertum , S. papillosum , Tortula hoppeana and T. muralis ). Habitat loss due to erosion and reduced thermal activity in combination with successional vegetation changes are likely to have played a significant role in the decline of some bryophyte species which were abundant in 1972 ( Leptobryum pyriforme , Schistidium apocarpum coll., Funaria hygrometrica , Philonotis spp., Pohlia spp, Schistidium strictum , Sanionia uncinata ) while others have continued to thrive and expand (e.g. Schistidium maritimum, Racomitrium lanuginosum, R. ericoides, R. fasciculare and Bryum argenteum ). Some species (especially Bryum spp.) benefit from the formation of new habitats, such as grassland within a gull colony, which was established in 1984. Several newcomers are rarely producing sporophytes on Iceland and are unlikely to have been dispersed by airborne spores. They are more likely to have been introduced to Surtsey by seagulls in the form of vegetative fragments or dispersal agents ( Bryum elegans, Didymodon ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
G. V. Ingimundardóttir H. Weibull N. Cronberg |
author_facet |
G. V. Ingimundardóttir H. Weibull N. Cronberg |
author_sort |
G. V. Ingimundardóttir |
title |
Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
title_short |
Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
title_full |
Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland |
title_sort |
bryophyte colonization history of the virgin volcanic island surtsey, iceland |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 https://doaj.org/article/e669ae14651849258c9095aaddfce067 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) |
geographic |
Surtsey |
geographic_facet |
Surtsey |
genre |
Iceland Surtsey |
genre_facet |
Iceland Surtsey |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 16, Pp 4415-4427 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/11/4415/2014/bg-11-4415-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 https://doaj.org/article/e669ae14651849258c9095aaddfce067 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4415-2014 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
4415 |
op_container_end_page |
4427 |
_version_ |
1766037849787858944 |